文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：交界域森林火灾预防与人群疏散措施

英文题名：Forest Fire Prevention and Crowd Evacuation Measures in Wildland-Urban Interface

作者：周静[1] 司莉青[2,3] 王成虎[4] 张笛[5] 高桂云[4] 王明玉[2,3]

第一作者：周静

机构：[1]国家林业和草原局产业发展规划院,北京100010;[2]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室,北京100091;[4]应急管理部国家自然灾害防治研究院,北京100085;[5]国家林业和草原局林草调查规划院,北京100714

年份：2022

卷号：2

期号：4

起止页码：109-115

中文期刊名：自然保护地

外文期刊名：Natural Protected Areas

基金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3001901)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林火灾;人群疏散;预防扑救对策;交界域火灾

外文关键词：forest fire;crowd evacuation;prevention and rescue countermeasures;WUI Fire

分类号：S762

摘要：美国加利福尼亚、澳大利亚和南非拥有相似的野火规律、可燃物类型以及乡村与城市交接渗透的现象。火暴能够以极强、极快的速度从野外蔓延到居民住宅区,威胁生命和财产的安全。在这些地区,火灾执法机构针对火灾发生时居民如何撤离家园,制定了各种政策。本文主要介绍美国在地方、州以及联邦政府3个不同层面机构的火灾疏散撤离办法,并举例说明了各种合法托管程序、疏散决定制定标准、火灾扑救指挥官和当地执法机构在实施疏散任务时的作用以及法律责任,以期对我国的林火扑救以及人群疏散的执行起到借鉴作用。
There have been similar patterns of wildfires,types of conductivities,and the penetration of rural and urban areas in California,Australia,and South Africa.Fire can spread from the wild to residential areas at an extremely high and strong speed,threatening the safety of life and property.In these areas,various policies have been developed regarding the role of fire law enforcement agencies in requiring residents to evacuate their homes in the fire accident.This paper introduced fire evacuation methods in three different agencies of local,state,and federal government in the United States.Examples of legal custody procedures,standards for evacuation decisions,the role of fire commanders and local law enforcement agencies in carrying out evacuation missions,and legal responsibilities were provided.It is hoped that the paper can be used for reference in forest fire fighting and the implementation of crowd evacuation in China.