文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：森林自然更新研究进展

英文题名：Research review on forests natural regeneration

作者：程瑞梅[1,2] 沈雅飞[1] 封晓辉[3,4] 肖文发[1,2] 王娜[1] 杨邵[1] 郭燕[1]

第一作者：程瑞梅

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室;[2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心;[3]中国科学院农业水资源重点实验室;[4]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所农业资源研究中心

年份：2018

卷号：35

期号：5

起止页码：955-967

中文期刊名：浙江农林大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Zhejiang A & F University

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费资助项目(CAFYBB2017ZA002)

语种：中文

中文关键词：森林生态学;自然更新;干扰;林窗;更新动态;综述

外文关键词：forest ecology;natural regeneration;disturbance;gap;regeneration dynamic;review

分类号：S718.5;Q948

摘要：森林自然更新是一个复杂的生态学过程,它保证了种群的繁衍、维持了群落结构稳定,对森林群落的发展具有重要意义,是森林生态学研究的热点。伴随着森林经营向多目标化和生态系统经营模式的转变,人们逐渐开始强调自然过程所达到稳定的森林生态系统,对自然更新的研究也开始关注在自然状态下的更新过程。综述了森林自然更新的方式以及影响森林自然更新的生物和非生物因子,讨论了火、采伐和林窗等干扰对森林自然更新的影响。对森林自然更新的研究大多从野外调查资料和现象对自然更新过程进行描述性分析,很少从生理生态方面揭示森林自然更新的机制。研究对象多是主要的森林类型,局限于林窗的更新及森林群落的建群种,主要以种群为研究对象。对干扰频发森林中的萌生更新重视不够,促进自然更新困难树种更新的对策研究不足。森林自然更新的范围和深度尚待扩展和加深。对森林自然更新的研究应加强以下几个方面:(1)综合研究各种因子的作用;(2)扩展自然更新的研究尺度;(3)深入研究萌生更新的生理机制和生态作用;(4)重视加大更新困难树种以及珍惜濒危物种和生态脆弱区的更新研究力度;(5)开展种子幼苗对于二氧化碳浓度升高,水热条件变化的生理响应;(6)加强各种类型不同强度和频度干扰对种子幼苗影响的研究。(7)加强森林群落更新与生物多样性的关系研究,进一步揭示森林群落的更新规律。总结了森林自然更新研究的现状和问题,并为今后的研究提出了建议,旨在为森林经营和生态恢复准备理论,为林业生产应对气候变化以及珍稀濒危植物的保护提供参考,为森林的可持续利用、维护生态系统平衡和保护生物多样性提供依据。
Natural regeneration of forests is a complex ecological process which ensures the reproduction of the population and maintains the structure stability of forests communities.It is a hot issue of forest ecology playing an ecosystem management mode,people gradually began to emphasize the stable forest ecosystem and natural important role in forest dynamic.But with the change of forest management to multi-objectives and process,researchers began to pay attention to the natural regeneration process.In this review,we discussed the manners,and studied the effect of disturbances including fire,wood harvesting and forest gap.The most current studies of forest regeneration were based on descriptive analysis of natural regeneration from field data and phenomena,and few findings revealed the mechanisms of forest natural regeneration in terms of physiology and ecology.The research subjects mainly focused on forest types,restricted to forest gap renewal and species groups in forest communities.Insufficient attention has been paid to the regeneration of forest in frequent disturbance,and the countermeasures to promote the regeneration of natural regeneration species were insufficient.The scale of forest natural regeneration should be expanded and deepened.In studies of forest natural regeneration,researchers should strengthen the following aspects:(1)the role of various factors should be studied synthetically;(2)the scale of research should be extended;(3)the physiological mechanism and ecological function should be studied;(4)emphasis should be placed on increasing the regeneration of difficult species,the regeneration of endangered species and ecologically fragile areas;(5)physiological responses of seed seedlings to elevated CO2 and changes in hydrothermal conditions should be carried out;(6)study on the effects of various types,intensities and frequency interference on seed seedlings should be enhanced;(7)study on the relationship between the regeneration of forest community and biodiversity to further reveal the update of forest community should be enhanced.In conclusion,this paper summarized the current situation and problems of natural forest regeneration,and put forward some suggestions for future research,which can provide the theoretical basis for forest management and ecological restoration,and provide reference for the protection of climate change,forestry production of rare and endangered plants.Meanwhile,the work has important significance on sustainable development of forests,the balance of the ecological system and the conservation of biological diversity.