文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：施肥对柚木光合生理和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

英文题名：Effects of fertilization on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Tectona grandis

作者：张青青[1,2] 周再知[1] 王西洋[1] 黄桂华[1] 梁坤南[1] 杨光[1] 刘高峰[1]

第一作者：张青青

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520;[2]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037

年份：2021

卷号：41

期号：4

起止页码：31-38

中文期刊名：中南林业科技大学学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2021_2022】；

基金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0601100)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：柚木林;施肥;光合特性;叶绿素;荧光参数

外文关键词：teak plantation;fertilization;photosynthetic characteristic;chlorophyll;fluorescence parameters

分类号：S753.53

摘要：【目的】以柚木为研究对象,探究不同施肥处理对叶片光合生理特征及叶绿素荧光特性的影响。【方法】采用随机区组试验设计,设置5种肥料及其配比处理,对比分析不同处理之间柚木的瞬时光合、叶绿素荧光参数及叶绿素含量的差异。【结果】1)施肥处理显著提高了柚木叶片的净光合速率(P_(n))、水分利用效率(WUE)、最大荧光(F_(m))和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(F_(v)/F_(m)),其中,处理5(0.25 kg NPK肥+1.5 kg CaMgP肥)的P_(n)、F_(m)和F_(v)/F_(m)值均最大,分别比对照提高了142.48%、11.52%和5.73%;叶片P_(n)值表现为T5>T2>T3>T1>T4>CK。2)处理2(0.25 kg CaMgP肥+2.5 kg有机肥)叶片WUE值最大,为7.32,显著高于其它施肥处理及对照。3)施肥后,柚木叶片初始荧光(F_(o))呈下降趋势,光化学猝灭系数(q_(p))和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)变化无明显规律。T2、T3、T5处理的qp值高于CK,T1、T4却低于CK。T5的NPQ值最小,T3最大。除T5外,其它施肥处理叶片的气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ФPSⅡ)和电子传递速率(ETR)变化不大。4)施肥显著提高了柚木叶片的叶绿素含量,并随钙镁磷施肥量的增加而增大,其中,T5增加幅度最大,较对照提高了27.25%,但施肥后叶片类胡萝卜素含量变化呈显著下降趋势。【结论】1)5种肥料和肥量的配施,均可改善柚木幼林的光能利用效率,明显提高叶片净光合速率和叶绿素含量。2)10个光合生理指标的施肥效应综合评价结果表明,0.25kg NPK+1.5kg CaMgP配施效果最佳。
【Objective】To explore effect of different fertilization composition on teak’s leaf photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics.【Method】Five kinds of fertilizer and their proportioning treatment were carried out by using randomized block experiment design.The photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll content of the different treatments were compared and analyzed.【Result】1)the fertilization treatments significantly improved the net photosynthesis(P_(n)),water use efficiency(WUE),maximal fluorescence(F_(m))and efficiency of PSⅡphotochemical(F_(v)/F_(m))of teak.The P_(n),F_(m)and F_(v)/F_(m)values of treatment 5(0.25 kg NPK and 1.5 kg CaMgP fertilizers)were the largest,which were 142.48%,11.52%and 5.73%higher than control respectively.The P_(n)of leaves showed an order of T5>T2>T3>T1>T4>CK.2)Treatment 2(0.25 kg Ca Mg P fertilizer and 2.5 kg organic manure)leaves had the highest water use efficiency of 7.32,which was significantly higher than that of other fertilization treatments and control.3)The minimal fluorescence(F_(o))of teak showed a decreasing trend after fertilization,while the changes of photochemical quenching coefficient(q_(p))and non-photochemical quenching(NPQ)were not obvious.The qp value of treatment 2,3,5 is higher than CK,but treatment 1and 4 is lower than the CK.The minimum and maximum of NPQ value were treatment 5,3 respectively.Expect treatment 5,the changes of stomatal conductance(G_(s)),transpiration rate(Tr),minimal fluorescence(F_(o)),the actual photochemical quantum efficiency of PSⅡ(ФPSⅡ)and electron transfer rate(ETR)of leaves after fertilization were not significant.4)Fertilization treatments significantly increased the chlorophyll content and increased with the increase of Ca Mg P fertilizer application.Compared with CK,T5 significantly increased by 27.25%,but the carotenoid content decreased significantly.【Conclusion】1)The proportion of 5 kinds of fertilizer and quality can improve the efficiency of light energy utilization and increase the net photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content of leaves.2)Comprehensive evaluation of fertilization effect of 10 photosynthetic physiological indexes showed that 0.25 kg NPK mixed with 1.5 kg CaMgP treatment is the best.