文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同退化程度苔草草丘沼泽湿地土壤细菌群落结构及功能特征

英文题名：Bacterial Community Structure and Functional Characteristics of Soil in Carex Tussock Marsh Wetland with Different Degradation Levels

作者：张苗苗[1,2,3] 张曼胤[1,2,3] 李晶[1,2] 崔丽娟[1,2] 郭子良[1,2,3] 刘魏魏[1,2,3] 王贺年[1,2,3] 王大安[1,2,3]

第一作者：张苗苗

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院湿地研究所,湿地生态功能与恢复北京市重点实验室,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[3]河北衡水湖湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,衡水053000

年份：2025

卷号：46

期号：2

起止页码：1203-1212

中文期刊名：环境科学

外文期刊名：Environmental Science

收录：;EI(收录号：20250417745683);北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF130090)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：苔草草丘沼泽;湿地退化;土壤细菌;群落结构与功能;土壤理化性质

外文关键词：Carex tussock marsh;wetland degradation;soil bacteria;community structure and function;soil physical and chemical properties

分类号：X172

摘要：为了探究退化沼泽湿地土壤细菌群落特征及影响因素,以东北地区苔草沼泽湿地为研究区,划分自然未退化(ND)、轻度退化(LD)和重度退化(HD)这3种退化程度,利用高通量测序技术以及PICRUSt细菌功能预测等工具,对退化湿地土壤环境特征、土壤微生物群落结构特征进行分析,并探讨影响退化湿地微生物变化的影响因素.结果表明:(1)退化湿地土壤pH值总体上呈中性偏碱,随退化程度增加,土壤有机碳、全氮、全碳和锌含量显著降低(P<0.05),全钾含量显著增加(P<0.05).(2)退化湿地土壤细菌优势菌群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteriota)和芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadota).(3)土壤细菌群落Alpha多样性随着湿地退化程度的增加显著增加(P<0.05),退化湿地与未退化湿地在细菌群落组成上存在明显差异.(4)从细菌群落功能来看,随着退化程度的增加,新陈代谢、遗传信息处理、细胞过程和环境信息处理等主要一级代谢功能显著减弱(P<0.05);氨基酸代谢、碳水化合物代谢和外源性物质的生物降解与代谢等主要二级功能显著减弱(P<0.05).(5)Pearson相关性分析表明,退化湿地土壤细菌Alpha多样性的变化与土壤全氮、全碳、有机碳含量和草丘物理特征(直径、高度和数量)呈显著相关(P<0.05),RDA结果表明pH值为影响退化湿地土壤细菌群落结构的关键因素(P<0.05),细菌群落功能差异主要受到土壤全铁和锌含量的显著影响(P<0.05).综上所述,苔草草丘沼泽湿地土壤理化性质、细菌群落多样性及结构特征和细菌群落功能随退化程度的加深均发生有规律的变化,且土壤pH值、全氮、全碳、有机碳含量以及草丘物理特征是影响退化湿地微生物群落的关键因素.研究可为认识苔草沼泽生态系统的退化与恢复过程提供科学依据.
To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of soil bacterial communities in degraded marsh wetlands,we divided the Carex tussock marsh wetland in northeast China into three degradation degrees:non-degraded(ND),mildly degraded(LD),and heavily degraded(HD).High-throughput sequencing technology and PICRUSt bacterial function prediction tools were used.We analyzed the soil environmental characteristics and soil microbial community structure characteristics of degraded wetlands and explored the influencing factors of microbial changes in degraded wetlands.The results showed that:(1) The soil pH value was generally neutral to alkaline in general.With increasing degrees of degradation,the contents of soil organic carbon,total nitrogen,total carbon,and zinc decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the content of total potassium increased significantly(P<0.05).(2) The dominant bacterial groups included Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota,and Gemmatimonadota in the degraded wetlands.(3) The Alpha diversity of soil bacterial communities increased significantly with the increases in wetland degradation degree(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference between degraded(LD and HD) and nondegraded(ND) wetlands in bacterial community composition.(4) From the perspective of bacterial community functions,the primary metabolic functions,such as metabolism,genetic information processing,cellular processes,and environmental information processing,were significantly weakened with the increasing degree of degradation(P<0.05).The main secondary functions such as amino acid metabolism,carbohydrate metabolism,biodegradation,and metabolism of exogenous substances were significantly weakened(P<0.05).(5)Pearson correlation analysis showed that the change in soil bacterial Alpha diversity was significantly correlated with the contents of soil total nitrogen,total carbon,and organic carbon and the physical characteristics(diameter,height,and number) of Carex hummocks(P<0.05).RDA results showed that pH value was a key factor affecting soil bacterial community structure in the degraded wetland(P<0.05).The functional differences of bacterial communities were mainly affected by the contents of soil total iron and zinc(P<0.05).In conclusion,soil physical and chemical properties,bacterial community diversity and structure,and bacterial community function changed regularly with the degree of degradation.Soil pH;contents of total nitrogen,total carbon,and organic carbon;and physical characteristics of Carex tussock were the key factors affecting the microbial community in the degraded wetland,which can provide the scientific basis for understanding the degradation and restoration processes of Carex marsh ecosystems.