文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Conservation genomics provides insights into genetic resilience and adaptation of the endangered Chinese hazelnut, Corylus chinensis

作者：Yang, Zhen[1] Liang, Lisong[1] Xiang, Weibo[2,3] Wang, Lujun[4] Ma, Qinghua[1] Wang, Zhaoshan[1]

第一作者：杨振

通信作者：Ma, QH[1];Wang, ZS[1]

机构：[1]Chinese Acad Forestry, Key Lab Tree Breeding & Cultivat, Natl Forestry & Grassland Adm, Res Inst Forestry, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China;[2]China Three Gorges Corp, Natl Engn Res Ctr Eco Environm Protect Yangtze Riv, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China;[3]China Three Gorges Corp, Rare Plants Res Inst Yangtze River, Yichang 443133, Peoples R China;[4]Anhui Acad Forestry, Res Inst Econ Forest Cultivat & Proc, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China

年份：2024

卷号：46

期号：3

起止页码：294-308

外文期刊名：PLANT DIVERSITY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001229580100001)】；

基金：We sincerely thank Guowei Chen (Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) and Liya Dou (Beijing University of Chemical Technology) for their helpful discussions and guidance. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32101541) and the National Key R &D Program of China (Grant No. 2022YFD2200400) .

语种：英文

外文关键词：Conservation genomics; Demographic history; Inbreeding; Genetic load; Runs of homozygosity; Local adaptation

摘要：Global climate change has increased concerns regarding biodiversity loss. However, many key conservation issues still required further research, including demographic history, deleterious mutation load, adaptive evolution, and putative introgression. Here we generated the first chromosome-level genome of the endangered Chinese hazelnut, Corylus chinensis , and compared the genomic signatures with its sympatric widespread C. kwechowensis-C. yunnanensis complex. We found large genome rearrangements across all Corylus species and identi fied species-speci fic expanded gene families that may be involved in adaptation. Population genomics revealed that both C . chinensis and the C. kwechowensis - C. yunnanensis complex had diverged into two genetic lineages, forming a consistent pattern of southwestern-northern differentiation. Population size of the narrow southwestern lineages of both species have decreased continuously since the late Miocene, whereas the widespread northern lineages have remained stable ( C . chinensis ) or have even recovered from population bottlenecks ( C. kwechowensis - C. yunnanensis complex) during the Quaternary. Compared with C. kwechowensis-C. yunnanensis complex, C . chinensis showed signi ficantly lower genomic diversity and higher inbreeding level. However, C . chinensis carried signi ficantly fewer deleterious mutations than C. kwechowensis-C. yunnanensis complex, as more effective purging selection reduced the accumulation of homozygous variants. We also detected signals of positive selection and adaptive introgression in different lineages, which facilitated the accumulation of favorable variants and formation of local adaptation. Hence, both types of selection and exogenous introgression could have mitigated inbreeding and facilitated survival and persistence of C . chinensis . Overall, our study provides critical insights into lineage differentiation, local adaptation, and the potential for future recovery of endangered trees. Copyright (c) 2024 Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).