文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同造林模式对桉树人工林林下植物物种多样性的影响

英文题名：Effects of different afforestation modes on diversity of undergrowth plants in Eucalyptus plantations

作者：庞圣江[1] 张培[1] 贾宏炎[1,2] 杨保国[1] 陈健波[3] 郭东强[3]

第一作者：庞圣江

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600;[2]广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600;[3]广西林业科学研究院,广西南宁530001

年份：2020

卷号：48

期号：9

起止页码：44-52

中文期刊名：西北农林科技大学学报：自然科学版

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：广西创新驱动发展专项“桉树用材林质量精准提升关键技术研究与示范”(桂科AA17204087-6)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：桉树人工林;植物多样性;造林模式;森林经营

外文关键词：Eucalyptus artificial forest;plant diversity;afforestation mode;forest management

分类号：S718.5

摘要：【目的】研究不同造林模式下桉树人工林的植物多样性特征及其与林分环境因子的相关性,为探寻桉树人工林科学合理的栽培模式及可持续经营提供理论依据。【方法】以广西大青山林区桉树人工林为研究对象,采用典型的样地调查法,在5种造林模式的桉树林地(桉树纯林、桉树×降香黄檀、桉树×望天树、桉树×格木和桉树×红椎混交林)中各设置6块样地,每块样地大小为20 m×30 m,对各样地3个小样方(5 m×5 m)内植物群落灌木层和草本层的物种组成、重要值、多样性指数及其与环境因子的相关性进行研究。【结果】5种造林模式的桉树人工林中共出现植物42科68属76种,其中15种灌木和18种草本植物占据优势地位。不同造林模式的桉树人工林植物种类组成及分布存在较大差异,桉树×望天树(10种)、桉树×格木(11种)和桉树×红椎(10种)混交林的灌木优势种类明显多于桉树纯林(6种)、桉树×降香黄檀混交林(7种),而草本植物优势种类在不同造林模式桉树人工林间差异不明显,均介于12~14种。5种造林模式的桉树人工林下植物均匀度指数在灌木层和草本层均无显著差异(P>0.05),而Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson生态优势度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数在灌木层表现为桉树×望天树、桉树×格木和桉树×红椎混交林大于桉树纯林、桉树×降香黄檀混交林,在草本层则与之相反。林分环境因子对林下植物多样性的影响较大,特别是林分郁闭度和土壤含水率对植物多样性有显著影响(P<0.05)。【结论】不同造林模式对桉树人工林下植物物种多样性有显著影响,综合比较认为桉树与望天树、格木和红椎混交造林更具优势。
【Objective】This study investigated the characteristics of plants diversity and its correlations with forest habitat factors in different afforestation modes to provide basis for scientific cultivation and sustainable management of Eucalyptus plantations.【Method】The research employed typical plots to investigate the undergrowth vegetations in the Eucalyptus forests with five afforestation modes(mixed forest of Eucalyptus and Dalbergia odorifera,mixed forest of Eucalyptus and Parashorea chinensis,mixed forest of Eucalyptus and Erythrophleum fordii,mixed forest of Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix)in the Daqingshan Forest Region in Pingxiang,Guangxi and thirty plots(6 plots in each forest)with area of 20 m×30 m(three plots,5 m×5 m)were setup.The species composition of every plant community,degree of superiority,diversity index and relation to environmental factors were analyzed.【Result】There were 76 species of undergrowth plants belonging to 68 genera and 42 families across Eucalyptus plantations,and 15 shrubs and 18 herbs plants occupied the dominant positions.The species composition and distribution were quite different among different afforestation modes.The numbers of shrub dominant species in mixed forest of Eucalyptus and P.chinensis(10 dominant species),mixed forest of Eucalyptus and E.fordii(11 dominant species)and mixed forest of Eucalyptus and C.hystrix(10 dominant species)were larger than that of Eucalyptus pure forest(6 dominant species)and mixed forest of Eucalyptus and D.odorifera(7 dominant species).The number of herb dominant species was not significantly different.There was no significant difference in the evenness index of undergrowth plants among the five afforestation modes(P>0.05).The shrub diversity indexes showed the trend that mixed forest of Eucalyptus and P.chinensis,mixed forest of Eucalyptus and E.fordii and mixed forest of Eucalyptus and C.hystrix were larger than Eucalyptus pure forest,mixed forest of Eucalyptus and D.odorifera,while those of the herb layer diversity index were reversed.The forest habitat factors,especially canopy density,soil water content,had significant impact on plant diversity(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Different afforestation modes had significant impacts on undergrowth plant diversity of Eucalyptus plantations,and comprehensive comparison suggested that mixed forest of Eucalyptus and Parashorea chinensis as well as Erythrophleum fordii and Castanopsis hystrix were better than pure Eucalyptus plantations.