文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：北京市土壤和TSP中重金属分布特征及相关性研究

英文题名：Study on Heavy Metals Distribution and Correlation in Soil and TSP of Beijing

作者：韩玉丽[1] 邱尔发[1] 王亚飞[1] 唐丽清[1]

第一作者：韩玉丽

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,国家林业局城市森林研究中心,国家林业局林木培育重点实验室

年份：2015

卷号：24

期号：1

起止页码：146-155

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD38B03)

语种：中文

中文关键词：北京;土壤;TSP;重金属;分布特征;相关性

外文关键词：Beijing; soil; TSP; heavy metal; distribution characteristics; correlation

分类号：X131.3;X131.1

摘要：城市土壤、大气作为城市生态系统重要组成部分,是城市居民赖以生存的基本物质环境,其重金属污染一直是研究的热点。土地利用方式不同,受到的人类活动影响程度不同,其土壤、大气重金属分布不同。以北京市4个功能区（工业区、交通区、居民区和公园区）为研究对象,通过采集0-20、20-40、40-60 cm的土壤和TSP样品,使用电热板消解和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定样品中7种重金属元素Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn的质量分数,分析土壤和TSP中重金属的空间分布特征及两者之间的相关关系,旨在正确认识人类活动对城市土壤、大气环境的影响,为北京市环境保护与治理提供理论依据。研究结果表明,（1）北京市土壤重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb、Zn的平均质量分数分别为2.62、61.34、11.87、533.82、23.45、24.36、116.42 mg·kg^-1。从单因子污染指数来看,Cd、Zn的平均质量分数超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》一级标准限值,污染指数分别为13.1、1.16。（2）空间上,表层土壤重金属元素含量总体表现为工业区、居民区、交通区的含量高于相对清洁的公园区。垂直剖面上,工业区、居民区及交通区的重金属总体上表现出弱的表聚性,公园区土壤表现为很好的原始性。（3）比较TSP中重金属质量浓度最高值与最低值的比值,从大到小依次为：Ni（4.73）〉Pb（3.26）〉Mn（2.85）〉Cd（2.59）〉Cu（2.19）〉Cr（1.83）〉Zn（1.46）。（4）北京市土壤和大气重金属元素之间的相关性不强,说明大气干湿沉降未使北京市土壤重金属含量产生显著变化。
As the major component of urban ecosystem, soil and air are the basic material environment for urban residents to survive. Thereby, heavy metal pollution has been become a hot research topic. With different degrees of human activities, the distributions of heavy metal in urban soil and air are not homogenous with different land use manners. Thus in the paper the contents of heavy metals（Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn）in soil and TSP samples were determined by the electricity plate digestion and Inductively Coupled Plasma（ICP）, which were collected from four different functional zones（industrial, traffic, residential, park）in Beijing, China, And the distribution characteristics of 7 kinds of heavy metals in different soil layers, different functional zones soil and TSP as well as the correlations between them were studied. Meanwhile, in this paper also were analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metal in soil and TSP and their correlationship, which was beneficial to correctly recognize the influence of human activities on urban soil and air environment and provide theoretical basis for the Beijing environmental protection and management. The results showed that： 1） the average contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in urban soil were 2.62, 61.34, 11.87, 533.82, 23.45, 24.36, 116.42 mg·kg^-1, respectively. In addition, according to the single factor pollution index, the average contents of Cd and Zn exceeded class I of the soil environmental quality standard and their pollution index were respectively 13.1, 1.16, which was greater than 1 and indicated that soil had been contaminated by cadmium and zinc. 2） In space, the heavy metal concentrations of surface soil in industrial, residential and traffic zones were relatively higher than that in park. In soil vertical cross section, the heavy metals in industrial, residential and traffic zones showed a weak table cohesion, and the soil in park zone maintained a good natural features. 3）The ratio of maximum content value and minimum value of 7 kinds of heavy metal in TSP was（from high to low）： Ni（4.73）（3.26）Mn（2.85）Cd（2.59）Cu（2.19）Cr（1.83）Zn（1.46）. 4） The correlation between heavy metal contents in soil and that in TSP was not strong, which indicated that atmospheric deposition didn＇t produced a significant change to the heavy metal contents of soil in Beijing city.