文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：青海云杉自由授粉家系遗传评价与选择

英文题名：Genetic Evaluation and Selection on Open-Pollinated Families of Picea crassifolia Kom.

作者：欧阳芳群[1] 祁生秀[1,2] 蔡启山[1,2] 范国霞[1,2] 陈海庆[1,2] 高万里[1,2] 杨桂娟[1] 贾子瑞[1] 王军辉[1]

第一作者：欧阳芳群

机构：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室中国林业科学研究院林业研究所国家林业局林木培育重点实验室;[2]青海省大通县东峡林场

年份：2018

卷号：31

期号：6

起止页码：26-32

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金："十三五"重点研发专项子课题"云杉优良品系选育与大径材定向培育技术研究与示范(2017YFD0600606-09)";中央财政推广项目"青海云杉扦插育苗技术推广示范"(ZCT(2016)-007号);青海省财政推广项目"青海云杉优良遗传材料优化育苗技术试验示范"

语种：中文

中文关键词：青海云杉;遗传变异;育种值;BLUP;综合指数选择法

外文关键词：Picea crassifolia;genetic variation;genetic gain;BLUP;combined index selection

分类号：S718.46

摘要：[目的]通过对青海云杉1代无性系种子园自由授粉家系开展遗传评价,利用遗传测定结果提升青海云杉造林的良种化水平及提高良种使用率。[方法]本文以青海云杉初级种子园自由授粉家系测定林为研究材料,对13年生青海云杉家系树高、新梢长、保存率和11年生的主、侧梢冻害率进行了遗传评价,采用综合指数选择优良家系和最佳线性无偏预测方法预测单株育种值选择二代优树。[结果]研究结果表明:家系13年生的树高、新梢长、保存率和11年生主、侧梢冻害率的表型变异系数是24. 06%84%,遗传变异系数是3. 28%19. 31%。家系、家系和区组互作效应显著影响了13年生青海云杉树高和新梢长。树高和新梢长的家系遗传力分别是42. 5%和34. 2%,而单株遗传力是3. 00%,家系遗传力高于单株遗传力。采用综合指数选择法进行生长和抗性性状的综合选择,根据综合指数基于多样性和遗传增益进行平衡选择,有21个家系入选,入选家系的树高、保存率、主梢冻害率现实遗传增益分别为5. 66%、12. 59%和12. 96%。根据家系内单株13年生的树高育种值从1 103个单株中选择二代优树111个,单株入选率为10. 06%,入选二代优树树高的期望遗传增益是20. 10%。[结论]青海云杉13年生树高和新梢长在家系间存在显著变异,且还受家系与环境互作效应的影响,说明青海云杉家系的生长不仅受遗传的控制,还受遗传和环境的互作影响。根据各家系13年生树高和保存率和11年生主、侧梢冻害率综合指数值按35%的入选率综合选择21个家系,入选的家系不仅生长好,且抗性能力强,可用于回选优良无性系用于改扩建1代种子园或建立1. 5代种子园。
[Objective]To evaluate the genetic characteristics of open-pollinated families of Picea crassifolia in seed orchard in order to improve the elite breeding of P.crassifolia for afforestation.[Method]The genetic variation of height,stem increment,reserving rate at the thirteenth year and freezing injury rate at the eleventh year of open-pollinated P.crassifolia families were analyzed to select elite families using composite index selection method and select superior individuals using breeding value predicting by BLUP for providing high quality genetic breeding materials of P.crassifolia.[Result]The results showed that the phenotypic and genetic variation coefficient were 24.06%~84%and 3.28%-19.31%for height,stem increment,reserving rate at the thirteenth year and freezing injury rate at the eleventh year.The family and the interaction effects between family and block significantly affected the height,stem increment of thirteen-years-old P.crassifolia.The family heritabilities of height and stem increment were 42.5%and 34.2%respectively,while,their individual heritability were 3.00%.Their family heritability was higher than individual heritability in P.crassifolia families.21 elite families were chosen based on diversity and genetic gain using comprehensive index selection method,the realized genetic gain of height,survival rate and freezing injury rate were 5.66%,12.59%and 12.96%,respectively.According to breeding value,111 superior individuals were selected from 1103 trees,the expected genetic gain was 20.10%.[Conclusion]The growth of P.crassifolia is controlled not only by genetic heritability,but also by the interaction effects between genetic heritability and environment.According to composition index of height and reserving rate at the thirteenth year and the freezing injury rate at the eleventh year,21 elite families with good growth performance and strong resistance were chose by 35%selection rate,which may be used in reorganization and expansion of seed orchard in the first and 1.5 generation of P.crassifolia.