文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：植物种类及视觉面积对河岸景观的影响——以通州运河森林公园为例

英文题名：Effects of Plant Species Composition and Visual Area on Riparian Landscape:A Case Study of Tongzhou Grand Canal Forest Park

作者：张昶[1,2,3] 王涵[1,2,3] 王成[1,2,3]

第一作者：张昶

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局城市森林研究中心,北京100091

年份：2019

卷号：17

期号：5

起止页码：18-24

中文期刊名：中国城市林业

外文期刊名：Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“京津冀”典型脆弱生态系统保护与恢复技术集成研究(CAFYBB2017ZA007)

语种：中文

中文关键词：美景度;眼动分析法;水生植物;视觉面积比例;河岸杨柳景观

外文关键词：scenic beauty estimation(SBE);eye tracking method;aquatic plant;the ratio of visual area;riparian Salicaceae scenery

分类号：I26

摘要：文章针对北京平原城市河岸森林资源景观功能与视觉质量提升的需求,结合主观美景度评价方法,重点利用客观的眼动分析方法分析景观视觉质量及其植物影响,结果表明:1)增加水生植物能够提高河岸杨柳景观的美景度,作用最好的是芦苇,其次是荷花、千屈菜;2)河岸杨柳景观美景度值从春季到冬季在季节内波动式上升,但在3月、8月、11月季节交替月份出现下降拐点,且冬季至次年春季是美景度值最低的时段;3)河岸杨柳景观有叶期(4—11月)比落叶期(12月—次年3月)视觉注视时间长,且水生植物群落比杨柳群落能够获得更多的注视(其中芦苇、荷花、千屈菜的视觉吸引力依次递减);4)杨柳景观的观赏视线范围广泛,但注视点长时间停留在水体、杨树、柳树、水生植物群落的交界区域;5)减少杨树视觉面积比例能够提升河岸杨柳景观林的视觉质量,但存在28%的临界值,低于该值时,观测者持续注视集中点会向杨柳树群落范围外转移,杨柳群落会失去河岸景观的主体优势。
Based on the requirement for improving the landscape function and visual quality of riparian forest resources in Beijing,combining with,this paper analyzes the visual quality of landscape and its impact on plant by using eye-tracking technology in combination with subjective scenic beauty evaluation method.The results show that:1)Increasing aquatic plants can improve the scenic beauty of riparian Salicaceae landscape,and Nelumbo nucifera,Phragmites australis,and Lythrum salicaria L.are the best aquatic plants for the effect;2)The scenic beauty estimation(SBE)value of riparian Salicaceae landscape shows a seasonal fluctuation from spring to winter,but in late March,late August and late November,there appears a turning point toward declination,and the lowest SBE value falls between the winter to the next spring;3)In the riparian Salicaceae landscape,the visual fixation time is shorter in the deciduous period(December to next March)than the green period(April to November).Generally speaking,aquatic plant community can get more visual time than Salicaceae scenery,and the visual attraction of N.nucifera,Ph.australis,and L.salicaria L.decreases in turn;4)Viewers have a wide vision range of Salicaceae scenery,but their attention stays at the junction area of water body,poplars,willows,and aquatic plants for the longest time;and 5)The decreased ratio of Populus L.visual area can improve the visual quality of the riparian Salicaceae scenery,but there is a critical value of 28%.When the value is lower than that,viewers will constantly shift their attention outside of poplar-willow communities,which will lose the advantage as the dominant part of the riparian landscape.