文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：崇礼冬奥核心区华北落叶松人工林结构特征与优化模拟

英文题名：Structural Characteristics and Cutting Optimization Model of Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Chongli Winter Olympics Core Area

作者：张晓红[1,2] 周超凡[1,2] 张状[1,2] 冯林艳[1,2] 王利华[4] 符利勇[1,2] 谭炳香[1,3]

第一作者：张晓红

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091;[2]国家林业和草原局森林经营与生长模拟重点实验室,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局林业遥感与信息技术重点实验室,北京100091;[4]河北省张家口市崇礼区林业和草原局,张家口075000

年份：2022

卷号：58

期号：10

起止页码：79-88

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20232814385058);Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：张家口市崇礼区森林防火综合体系建设无人机巡护监测系统(DA2020001);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971653)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：空间结构优化模型;华北落叶松人工林;冬奥核心区;采伐

外文关键词：spatial structural optimization model;Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation;Winter Olympics core area;cutting

分类号：S750

摘要：【目的】以崇礼冬奥核心区华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,开展林分结构特征分析和空间结构优化模拟研究,为制定华北落叶松人工林结构调控措施提供科学依据。【方法】设置3块面积0.09 hm2(30 m×30 m)标准地,基于标准地调查数据分析林分结构特征,以空间结构最优为目标,采用乘除法对角尺度W、混交度M、密集度C、交角竞争指数UaCI和林层指数S共5个林分空间结构指标进行多目标规划,构建林分空间结构优化模型,对比模拟采伐前后林分空间结构的变化。【结果】3块标准地华北落叶松断面积比例达70%以上,白桦为伴生种,径阶分布在6~26 cm之间,均呈近似正态分布,树高分布呈非对称型单峰山状,且峰值均出现在14 m树高级。林分平均角尺度W、混交度M、密集度C、交角竞争指数UaCI和林层指数S分别为0.460、0.106、0.918、0.297和0.363,处于林木均匀分布、低度树种混交、高度树冠竞争和垂直结构分化较差的状态。模拟采伐后采伐强度均低于20%,林分空间结构目标函数值提升13.62%。在M、S分别提高21.17%和15.23%的同时,C、UaCI分别下降10.22%和5.19%。【结论】研究区华北落叶松人工林结构简单、树种单一,林木分化程度较弱,树冠竞争明显,整体表现出同龄纯林的特征。模拟采伐后林分树种隔离程度和林层分化提高,林分光照竞争压力得以缓解,采伐能够最大限度地优化林分空间结构,构建的空间结构优化模型可为华北落叶松人工林抚育间伐提供可行的方法参考。
【Objective】Taking larch plantations(Larix principis-rupprechtii)in the core area of Chongli Winter Olympics as objects,analysis of stand structure characteristics and the optimization model of stand spatial structure were carried out,so as to provide scientific basis for making structure regulation measures.【Method】Three sample plots with the area of 0.09 hm2(30×30 m)were set up and forest stand structure characteristics were analyzed based on plots measurement data.Multi-objective programming of five spatial structure parameters,including uniform angle index(W),mingling(M),crowding(C),intersection competition index(UaCI)and storey index(S),was carried out using multiplication and division method based on objective of best spatial structure.With the objective of forest spatial structure optimization,the spatial structure optimization model for stand cutting was constructed,and the effects of the models before and after cutting were compared.【Result】The basal area of Larch was over 70%in the two plots and Betula platyphylla was associated species.The diameter distribution ranged from 6 cm to 26 cm,and both of them were approximately normal distribution.Height distribution was unsymmetrical,and the peak appeared at height of 14 m.The mean values of W,M,C,UaCI and S-were 0.460,0.106,0.918,0.297 and 0.363 respectively.The stand was in a state of uniform distribution of trees,low species mingling,high crown competition and poor vertical structure differentiation.The thinning cutting intensity was lower than 20%after simulated cutting,and the objective function value increased by 13.62%.Values of M-and S-increased by 21.17%and 15.23%,whilst C and UaCI decreased by 10.22%and 5.19%respectively.【Conclusion】The structure of larch plantation in the area is simple with relative single tree species.The degree of tree differentiation is weak and crown competition is obvious,indicating the whole plantation shows the characteristics of pure forest of the same age.Stand structure can be significantly improved after simulated cutting,showing improved degree of mingling and relieved pressure of light competition.The spatial structure optimization model developed in the paper can provide a feasible method reference for tending and thinning for larch plantation.