文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：林下植被演替过程中毛竹地下鞭系统形态和生物量分配变化特征

英文题名：Morphology and Biomass Distribution of Underground Rhizome of Phyllostachys edulis during the Succession of Understory Vegetation

作者：董亚文[1,2] 陈双林[1] 汪舍平[3] 郭子武[1] 何玉友[1] 张玮[1]

第一作者：董亚文

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400;[2]南京林业大学,江苏南京210037;[3]浙江省常山县林业技术推广站,浙江常山324200

年份：2023

卷号：36

期号：3

起止页码：158-167

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C02008)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：林下植被演替;毛竹;地下鞭系统;形态结构;生物量;生存策略

外文关键词：Undergrowth vegetation succession;Phyllostachys edulis;Underground rhizome system;Morphological structure;Biomass;Survival strategy

分类号：S718.55;S795

摘要：[目的]毛竹林是我国重要的森林资源,近年来主产区疏于管理乃至荒废的毛竹林面积不断增大,影响竹产业可持续发展,而林下植被演替过程中毛竹林地下鞭系统形态和生物量分配及其适应性生存策略尚不清楚。[方法]选取林下植被演替前立地条件和经营水平基本一致,竹材6~8 a采伐一次形成的林下植被演替9、21 a和纯林(对照)的三类试验毛竹林,按0~10 cm(表层)、10~20 cm(中层)、20 cm以下(深层)土层逐层挖掘2 m×2 m样方中所有地下鞭,分离竹鞭、鞭根(粗根),调查其形态和生物量,分析林下植被演替过程中毛竹地下鞭系形态和生物量分配的适应性特征。[结果]:(1)随着林下植被演替的进行,毛竹鞭径、鞭段数、鞭节数变化不明显,演替21 a毛竹林鞭长和演替9 a毛竹林竹鞭侧芽数较毛竹纯林分别增加48.2%、20.74%(P<0.05),竹鞭形态变化的土层由中层向表层和深层转移,产生明显的垂直空间上的适应性变化;(2)鞭根形态变化较竹鞭迟钝,总体上相对稳定,主要是演替9 a毛竹林鞭根的根长降低30.04%(P<0.05),但这种变化会随演替的进行而消除;(3)演替9、21 a毛竹林竹鞭和系统生物量较毛竹纯林分别降低17.2%、19.6%和60.9%、46.9%,鞭根生物量均降低25.0%。随着演替的进行,毛竹林将50%竹鞭生物量分配到深层土层来获取生存空间,而将47.6%鞭根生物量分配到表层土层来竞争土壤养分和水分,存在地下鞭系统生物量从土壤空间的局部调节向全生存空间调节的适应性变化,且趋向于将更多的资源投资于鞭根的权衡策略;(4)竹鞭、鞭根形态指标间的相关关系及强度随演替的进行而趋于增强,竹鞭形态是反映林下植被演替过程中地下鞭系统变化的主要指标。[结论]随林下植被演替的进行,毛竹林资源竞争趋于激烈,会对竹鞭、鞭根形态和生物量分配产生重要影响,并且存在明显的演替年限效应,地下鞭系统资源的分配符合广泛吸收策略和强化策略。
[Objective]Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis)is an important forest resource in China.Morphology and biomass allocation of underground rhizome and their adaptive survival strategies are still unknown.[Method]Three types of experimental moso bamboo forests were selected,which were harvested once every 6-8 years,understory vegetation succession of 9 and 21 years,and pure forest(control).All the underground rhizome in the 2 m×2 m quadrat,and the rhizome and roots(thick roots)in 0~10 cm(surface layer),10~20 cm(middle layer),and below 20 cm(deep layer)were excavated and separated by layer.The morphology and biomass and investigated,and the adaptive characteristics of the morphology and biomass distribution of the underground rhizome during the succession of understory vegetation were analyzed.[Result]The results showed that:(1)With the succession of understory vegetation,the rhizome diameter,number of rhizome segments,and number of rhizome nodes of moso bamboo did not change significantly.Compared with the pure forest,it increased by 48.2%and 20.74%,respectively(P<0.05),and the soil layer of the rhizome shape shifted from the middle layer to the top layer and the deep layer,resulting in obvious vertical space adaptive changes;(2)Compared with whip,the shape change of the root rhizome was relatively stable,mainly because the root length of moso bambo rhizome decreased by 30.04%(P<0.05)after 9 years of succession,but this change disappeared with the progress of succession;(3)In the 9th and 21st succession years,the biomass of bamboo whip and system in Moso bamboo stand decreased by 17.2%,19.6%and 60.9%,46.9%respectively compared with pure moso bamboo stand,and the biomass of rhizome decreased by 25.0%.With the progress of succession,the moso bamboo forest distributed 50%of the bamboo whip biomass to the deep soil layer to obtain living space,and distributed 47.6%of rhizome biomass to the top soil layer to compete for soil nutrients and water,and there was an underground rhizome system.The adaptive change of biomass from local regulation of soil space to regulation of whole living space tended to invest more resources in the trade-off strategy of rhizome;(4)Correlation and intensity between the morphology indicators of bamboo whip and rhizome tended to increase with the progress of succession,and the morphology of bamboo whip was the main index reflecting the change of underground rhizome system in the process of understory vegetation succession.[Conclusion]With the succession of understory vegetation,the competition of Phyllostachys edulis resources tends to be fierce,which will have an important impact on the morphology and biomass allocation of whip and rhizome root,and the effects of succession year are obvious.The allocation of resources in the underground rhizome system meets the extensive foraging strategy and intensive foraging strategy.