文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：岩溶生态系统碳汇过程研究进展及展望

英文题名：Research progress and prospects of carbon sink processes in karst ecosystems

作者：李桂静[1,2] 仇乐川[3] 何欢[4] 万龙[4] 刘玉国[5]

第一作者：李桂静

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所,北京100091;[2]生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100091;[3]中国建筑第八工程局有限公司,上海200112;[4]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083;[5]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：23

期号：3

起止页码：14-22

中文期刊名：中国水土保持科学

外文期刊名：Science of Soil and Water Conservation

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费“岩溶生态系统碳汇功能及固碳潜力研究”(CAFYBB2022SY023);国家自然科学基金“岩溶石漠化系统不同界面碳迁移过程研究”(32301666)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：碳迁移;碳通量;岩溶碳汇;稳定碳同位素;喀斯特

外文关键词：carbon transfer;carbon flux;karst carbon sink;stable carbon isotope;karst

分类号：P593

摘要：岩石圈是全球“遗漏碳汇”前沿科学研究的重点,开展岩溶生态系统碳汇过程研究对揭示碳循环规律、服务碳中和目标具有重要意义。笔者基于国内外研究动态分析,系统阐明岩溶生态系统多界面碳汇过程研究新思路,构建多因素耦合的岩溶碳迁移模拟体系,通过整合基岩裸露度、植被覆盖度、岩土接触面积、土层厚度等关键因素建立不同程度石漠化岩溶系统。通过采用人工降雨与稳定碳同位素示踪等手段,分析岩溶区碳元素在大气–植被、土壤–大气、土壤–岩石和岩石–水等界面的迁移规律及影响要素,提出具有前瞻性的研究方案,以期为阐释岩溶系统不同界面的碳通量差异及其影响机制提供借鉴,利于深入揭示岩溶碳循环过程与碳迁移路径,并科学阐明“遗漏碳汇”的去向。未来岩溶碳汇过程应加强水文驱动下岩溶系统碳元素多界面动态迁移响应机制和岩溶作用所消耗的CO_(2)源于大气/土壤和碳酸盐岩的贡献比例研究,旨为岩溶生态系统修复及可持续发展路径构建提供科学依据。
[Background]As the climate crisis continues to escalate and extreme weather events become more frequent,the carbon cycle has emerged as a focal point in scientific research.As the largest carbon pool on Earth,the lithosphere is a key focus of cutting-edge scientific research on the“missing sink”in the global carbon cycle.Due to the strong habitat heterogeneity of karst ecosystems and the limitations of existing research methods,current studies on carbon cycling in karst regions lack systematic analysis of the differences in multi-interface carbon fluxes and their underlying mechanisms within karst systems,thus necessitating the urgent development of a systematic research framework to analyze the carbon cycle law in karst regions comprehensively.[Methods]The study systematically searched major domestic and international literature databases using core keywords such as“karst carbon sink”“carbon transfer”and“carbonate rock weathering”combined with expanded terms including“rocky desertification grades”“vegetation restoration”and“hydro-biogeochemical coupling”to ensure coverage of multi-scale and multi-process research.During the screening process,priority was given to empirical studies published in the past decade.By analyzing domestic and international research trends and the characteristics of karst ecosystems,and integrating key technologies such as artificial rainfall simulations,isotope tracing and hydrochemical runoff methods,this study constructed a multi-factor coupled simulation system for karst carbon migration encompassing the“atmosphere-vegetation-soil-rock-water”interfaces,enabling dynamic tracking of carbon pathways under controlled environmental variables.[Results]By integrating key factors such as bedrock exposure rate,vegetation coverage,rock-soil contact area,and soil thickness,karst systems with varying degrees of rocky desertification were established.Techniques such as carbon isotope δ^(13)C tracing have been systematically employed to monitor the migration patterns and influencing factors of carbon at critical interfaces,including atmosphere-vegetation,soil-atmosphere,soil-rock,and rockwater systems.A forward-looking research framework integrating multi-source data and process-based modeling was proposed to clarify the carbon quantification characteristics across different interfaces of karst systems,reveal the differences in multi-interface carbon fluxes and their underlying mechanisms,and provide theoretical references for studying carbon dynamics in heterogeneous karst environments.It also offers critical theoretical support for scientifically evaluating the carbon sink capacity of karst systems and advancing the development of carbon sink enhancement technologies.[Conclusions]The proposed methodological system offers a reference framework for studying the migration and transformation of carbon across multiple interfaces-atmosphere-vegetation-soil-rock-water and establishes new approaches and tools for accurately quantifying carbon sink characteristics in rocky desertification areas.It provides a scientific basis for interpreting karst carbon cycle processes and carbon migration pathways,helping to uncover the fate of the"missing carbon sink."The study will provide a scientific foundation for ecosystem restoration and sustainable development strategies in karst regions.