文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：1980—2020年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀评价与驱动因子分析

英文题名：Evaluation of soil erosion and analysis of driving factors in the Ganguyi Watershed of Yanhe River from 1980 to 2020

作者：陈方磊[1] 王计平[2,3] 程复[4] 谢海燕[1]

第一作者：陈方磊

机构：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院,乌鲁木齐830052;[2]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局盐碱地研究中心,北京100091;[4]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053

年份：2024

卷号：63

期号：6

起止页码：27-34

中文期刊名：湖北农业科学

外文期刊名：Hubei Agricultural Sciences

收录：CSTPCD

基金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于汇源景观格局流域水土流失评价与优化调控”(41871195)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：土壤侵蚀;修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE);地理探测器;驱动因子;延河甘谷驿流域

外文关键词：soil erosion;Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE);geographic detector;driving factor;Ganguyi Watershed of Yanhe River

分类号：S157.1

摘要：采用日降雨量、DEM、土壤类型、泥沙含量及多期NDVI等数据,基于修正通用土壤流失方程(RUSLE)和地理探测器,研究了国家生态退耕还林还草工程实施前后近41年延河甘谷驿流域土壤侵蚀动态与驱动因子。结果表明,1980—2020年研究区土壤侵蚀强度总体呈波动变化趋势,1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年平均侵蚀模数分别为6 746.30、5 740.28、6 389.56、5 450.46、5 480.56 t/(km~2·年)。1980—2000年研究区整体侵蚀强度逐渐增强,强烈及以上等级侵蚀面积占比逐渐增加,表现为“增蚀升级”的特点;2000年后研究区内土壤侵蚀强度开始降低,强烈及以上等级的侵蚀面积减少,总体表现为“减蚀降级”的特点。研究区土壤侵蚀强度随着坡度的升高而加剧,同时发现海拔1 000~1 200 m和1 200~1 400 m是研究区内侵蚀发生的主要高程带。2020年土地利用类型因子解释力最为突出,表明退耕还林还草工程实施效果显著,大面积的耕地向林草地转换是使得研究区2000年后土壤侵蚀强度降低的最主要原因。土壤侵蚀各影响因子的协同作用明显强于单一因子的影响。
The daily rainfall data,DEM data,soil type data,sediment content data and multi period NDVI data were used to study the soil erosion dynamics and driving factors in the Ganguyi Watershed of the Yanhe River in the past 41 years before and after the implementation of the national ecological rehabilitation project of returning farmland to forest and grassland based on the Revised General Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)and geographic detectors.The results showed that,from 1980 to 2020,the overall soil erosion intensity in the study area showed a fluctuating trend,with an average erosion modulus of 6 746.30 t/(km~2·a),5 740.28 t/(km~2·a),6 389.56 t/(km~2·a),5 450.46 t/(km~2·a)and 5 480.56 t/(km~2·a)in 1980,1990,2000,2010 and 2020,respectively.From 1980 to 2000,the overall erosion intensity in the study area gradually increased,and the proportion of erosion areas at the strong level and above gradually increased,which was characterized by“erosion increase and upgrading”.After 2000,the intensity of soil erosion in the study area began to decrease,and the area of erosion at the strong level and above decreased,which was characterized by“erosion reduction and degradation”.The intensity of soil erosion in the study area increased with the increase of slope.At the same time,it was found that1 000~1 200 m and 1 200~1 400 m were the main elevation zones for erosion occurrence in the study area.The explanatory power of land use type factors was most prominent in 2020,indicating that the implementation of the project of returning farmland to forests and grasslands had a significant effect.The conversion of large areas of farmland to forests and grasslands was the main reason for the decrease in soil erosion intensity in the research area after 2000.The synergistic effect of various influencing factors on soil erosion was significantly stronger than that of a single factor.