文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：桤木属植物的引种和早期适应性

英文题名：Introduction and Early Adaptability of Exotic Alders

作者：陈益泰[1] 卓仁英[1] 吴天林[1]

第一作者：陈益泰

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所

年份：2004

卷号：17

期号：2

起止页码：139-146

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2000】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：2000-2004年浙江省科技厅重点课题"桤木属植物新品种选育及在退化地改造中的应用"部分内容

语种：中文

中文关键词：桤木属植物;引种试验;早期适应性;非豆科固氮树种

外文关键词：Alnus;introduction;adaptability;early growth;European alder

分类号：S792.14

摘要：引进国外桤木属植物11种54个种源,在浙江富阳进行育苗和适应性观察。绿桤木、欧洲绿桤木、裂叶桤木、毛赤杨和南美桤木共5种20个种源,幼苗因不能越夏而全部死亡。其它6种桤木存活苗木表现不一。其中,欧洲桤木表现最佳,在夏季高温干旱气候下未见受害,其4个优良种源2年生苗高达2 18～2 41m,与我国桤木相当。锯叶桤木生长正常,无受害症状。灰桤木和齿叶桤木轻度受害,但不同种源之间存在差异。红桤木和薄叶桤木苗木遭受严重高温干旱危害,7、8月发生叶枯、脱落、梢枯现象,生长停止,部分植株死亡。台湾桤木放叶最早、落叶最迟,生长快速,但易受冬季低温冻害。在桤木、赤杨、台湾桤木、欧洲桤木和齿叶桤木5个树种之间,叶绿素a、b及总量和气孔导度存在显著差异,净光合速率和光饱和点也有可见的差别。今后可以进一步挑选欧洲桤木、锯叶桤木和灰桤木优良种源扩大引种试验,尤其欧洲桤木有望在长江中下游平原地区引种成功和推广应用。
Total 54 seedlets (sources) of 11 exotic alder species were tested on field experiment at Fuyang(120°19′ N,30°12′ E),Zhejiang. All of the 3～4 month-old seedlings of 20 seedlets of five species of Alnus viridis,A.crispa, A.sinuata ,A.hirsuta and A.jorullensis, died in summer because of being unable to tolerate the higher temperature and arid weather. Other 6 species of foreign alders were able to survive and grow. Of them , European alder (A.glutinosa) displayed the best, no damage in summer was found,the average heigh of its 4 sources reached to 2.18～2.48 m for two year old seedling , the growth speed was equal to Sichuan alder (A.cremastogyne) . The saw-leaf alder (A.serrulata) grew normally and had no damage too. But red alder (A.rubra) and thin-leaf alder (A.tenuifolia) were seriously injured by high temperature and aridity in summer, leaves scorched and shedding,shoot diebacked, even a few plants died in July to August. Glay alder (A.incana) and tooth-leaf alder (A.rugosa) were lightly damaged in summer. In addition,Taiwan alder (A.formosana) had the longest growing time,it grew rapidly,however it was easy to receive the frost injury in northern Zhejiang. Signifficant differences for some physiological indexes were found among alder species. For European alder, saw-leaf alder and grey alder, the authors could select the fine seed sources to expand the experiment of introducing, European alder might be especially hopeful to be popularized in the plain area of middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.