文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：木地板紫外激光标刻加工工艺研究

英文题名：Research on UV laser marking processing technology for wooden floors

作者：彭晓瑞[1] 侯晓鹏[1] 孟凡丹[1] 唐召群[1] 王霄[1] 张玲[2]

第一作者：彭晓瑞

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,国家林业和草原局木材科学与技术重点试验室,北京100091;[2]中国科学院半导体研究所,中国科学院半导体材料科学重点试验室,北京100083

年份：2026

卷号：11

期号：1

起止页码：180-188

中文期刊名：林业工程学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Forestry Engineering

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2201500;2023YFD2201503)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：紫外激光;木地板;标刻;加工工艺

外文关键词：UV laser;wood floor;marking;processing technology

分类号：S784

摘要：木地板生产全流程数据采集与追踪是实现敏捷制造转型升级的大势所趋,采用激光标刻二维码方法可为木地板生产数据采集、交互与质量追溯提供条件。355 nm超快紫外激光具有窄的脉冲宽度和高的单脉冲能量,以及加工热效应小、精度高、标刻速度快等优点。通过对木地板表面进行皮秒超快紫外激光标刻试验,研究了超快紫外激光功率、激光扫描速度及激光束的离焦量、线间距等对木地板表面激光标刻深度、微观形貌和图像平均对比度的影响,得出功率5~7 W、激光扫描速度900~1200 mm/s、激光束离焦量0~2 mm、线间距0.02 mm条件下,木地板表面标刻深度相对适中。结合木材表面标刻后的颜色、深度和平均对比度等评价指标,紫外激光标刻木地板的优化工艺参数为功率5 W、激光扫描速度900 mm/s、离焦量1 mm、线间距0.02 mm,此工艺条件有利于数据采集与二维码的标刻与识读。本研究初探得到激光功率5 W、线间距0.03 mm的不同扫描速度试验条件下,激光标刻二维码的标刻时间可低至3 s,可识读性较好。本研究为紫外激光标刻在木材工业产品质量溯源与智能制造等方面的应用提供了一定的技术基础。
China is a major manufacturer of wooden flooring.Currently,the key technical bottlenecks in the wooden floor production include a low level of digitization,the inability to track workpieces throughout the manufacturing process,limited traceability of production information,and challenges in ensuring consistent quality.It is imperative to develop a full-process collection,interaction,and tracking technology to produce wooden floors based on Quick Response(QR)codes to achieve the transformation and upgrading of agile manufacturing of wooden floors.Laser marking is a fast,efficient and environmentally friendly technical means of forming marks such as patterns and texts on the surface of wood by using a high-power laser beam to radiate thermal effects.The laser QR codes can provide conditions for the collection,interaction,and quality traceability of data in the production of wooden floors.CO_(2)lasers are commonly used for cutting,engraving,and thermal treatment of wood materials.However,the 355 nm ultrafast ultraviolet laser offers several advantages,including a narrow pulse width,high single-pulse energy,minimal thermal effects,high precision,and fast marking speed.Moreover,lignin molecules exhibit strong relative absorption of ultraviolet short-wavelength laser with a wavelength of 355 nm.As a result,the heat-affected zone at the cut seam is relatively thin,and the appearance quality of the cut edge is high.In this study,the marking of wood flooring surfaces using an ultrafast picosecond UV laser was investigated.The study examined the effects of laser power,scanning speed,beam defocus,and line spacing on marking depth,surface micro-morphology,and image contrast.It was concluded that under the conditions of power of 5-7 W,laser scanning speed of 900-1200 mm/s,laser beam focus amount of 0-2 mm,line spacing of 0.02 mm,the depth of marking on the surface of the wooden floor was relatively moderate.In combination with the indexes such as the color,depth,and average contrast of the wood surface after marking,the optimized process parameters for ultraviolet laser marking of wooden floors were power of 5 W,scanning speed of 900 mm/s,defocus amount of 1 mm,line spacing of 0.02 mm.Under this process condition,it is beneficial for data collection and QR codes reading and marking.Moreover,this study initially explored that under different scanning speed test conditions of laser power of 5 W and line spacing of 0.03 mm,the marking time of laser marking QR codes can be as low as 3 s,and the readability is good.This study provides a certain technical basis for applications of ultraviolet laser marking in the quality traceability and intelligent manufacturing of wood industrial products.