文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：极小种群野生植物波叶杜鹃的花部特征和繁育系统研究

英文题名：Research on Floral Syndrome and Breeding Systems of Rhododen-dron hemsleyanum,a Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations

作者：谢孟[1,2] 马永鹏[3] 曹毓蓉[1] 刘德团[3] 李正红[1] 马宏[1,4]

第一作者：谢孟

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,云南昆明650001;[2]南京林业大学风景园林学院,江苏南京210037;[3]云南省极小种群野生植物综合保护重点实验室,中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650201;[4]国家林业和草原局资源昆虫培育与利用重点实验室,云南昆明650224

年份：2023

卷号：38

期号：1

起止页码：95-103

中文期刊名：云南农业大学学报：自然科学版

外文期刊名：Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2023_2024】；

基金：云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090012);兴滇人才支持计划青年人才专项。

语种：中文

中文关键词：极小种群野生植物;波叶杜鹃;花部特征;繁育系统;访花昆虫

外文关键词：plant species with extremely small populations;Rhododendron hemsleyanum;floral syndrome;breeding systems;flower visiting insects

分类号：S685.210.1

摘要：[目的]研究极小种群野生植物波叶杜鹃(Rhododendron hemsleyanum)的花部特征和繁育系统,为其作为乡土园林树种推广提供遗传育种理论基础。[方法]对四川峨眉山波叶杜鹃野生居群资源现状进行深入调查,研究其花部形态、花粉—胚珠比、杂交指数和昆虫访花行为等,并结合人工控制授粉试验对其繁育系统展开研究。[结果]5月中旬为波叶杜鹃的盛花期;其杂交指数为5,花粉—胚珠比为640.93±65.52;自然对照结实率为56.67%,异株异花传粉结实率为86.67%;主要访花者是中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana)和排蜂(A.dorsata)。[结论]波叶杜鹃的最佳授粉时期为盛花期(开花第3~6天),其繁育系统是倾向于异交的混合交配系统,自然条件下有效传粉者为中华蜜蜂和排蜂。
[Purpose]To study the floral syndrome and breeding system of Rhododendron hemsleyanum,a plant species with extremely small populations,and to provide a genetic breeding theoretical basis for the promotion of R.hemsleyanum as a native garden tree.[Methods]The status of the R.hemsleyanum wild population in Emei Mountain,Sichuan,were investigated,and its floral syndrome,pollen-ovule ratio, hybridization index and insects’ flower-visiting behavior were studied, as well as its breeding system in combination with artificial controlled pollination tests was researched. [Results]The blooming period of R. hemsleyanum was mid-May;the hybridization index was five, the pollen-ovule ratio was 640.93±65.52;the fruiting rate of the natural control was 56.67%, and the fruiting rate of heterogeneous pollination was 86.67%;the main flower visitors were Apis cerana and A. dorsata. [Conclusion]The best pollination period for R. hemsleyanum is at the peak of flower-ing (the 3rd-6th day of flowering), its breeding system is a mixed mating system that tends to be het-erozygous, and the effective pollinators are A. cerana and A. dorsata.