文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：生物质炭添加对马尾松和杉木根系及土壤微生物结构的影响

英文题名：Effect of Biochar Addition on Root and Soil Microbial Community of Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata

作者：陆人方[1] 葛晓改[1,2] 王灵玲[3] 周本智[1,2] 杨振亚[1,2] 王小明[1]

第一作者：陆人方

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400;[2]国家林业和草原局钱江源森林生态系统定位观测研究站,浙江杭州311400;[3]杭州市富阳区林业水利局,浙江杭州311400

年份：2020

卷号：29

期号：11

起止页码：2153-2162

中文期刊名：生态环境学报

外文期刊名：Ecology and Environmental Sciences

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2017ZX002-2,CAFYBB2016SY006);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGN21C030002);国家自然科学基金项目(31600492,31670607)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：生物质炭;根系生长;根系形态;土壤微生物群落;土壤酶活性

外文关键词：biochar;root growth;root morphology;soil microbial community;soil enzyme activities

分类号：S718.5;X17

摘要：生物质炭因其特殊的孔隙结构使土壤孔隙度增加,容重减小,并能提高土壤有效养分和持水能力,促进植物生长,被广泛用作土壤改良剂。根系是生物质炭添加后促进植物生长的关键。为了探明生物质炭-根系互作对森林树种根系形态和生长的影响,以1年生马尾松和杉木幼苗为对象,开展4种生物质炭添加,即对照(0 t·hm?2,CK)、低量生物质炭(5 t·hm?2,LB)、中量生物质炭(10 t·hm?2,MB)和高量生物质炭(20 t·hm?2,HB)对马尾松和杉木根系形态和土壤微生物群落的影响研究。结果表明,高量生物质炭添加促进马尾松根系生物量(30.7%),抑制杉木根系生物量(16.0%);高量生物质炭添加促进1.0—2.0 mm马尾松细根长、表面积、体积和根尖数(P<0.05),低量生物质炭添加促进0—0.5 mm杉木细根长、表面积、体积(P<0.05);表明马尾松根系对高量生物质炭敏感,杉木根系对低生物质炭敏感。低量生物质炭添加增加马尾松和杉木土壤总微生物量(28.9%和51.8%)(P<0.05),高量生物质炭添加分别降低马尾松和杉木土壤总微生物量(4.5%和10.1%),且对细菌的影响大于真菌。生物质炭添加对细根体积和粗根根尖数影响较大,高量生物质炭添加明显改变微生物群落结构;表明生物质炭添加通过增加细菌土壤微生物量和土壤酶活性优化根系形态和扩大根际区域,低量生物质炭添加在促进林木生长和可持续发展有重要意义。
Biochar is widely used in soil amendment.With special porous structure,biochar could promote plant growth by increasing soil porosity,reducing bulk density,improving soil available nutrients and water holding capacity.Root is the first organ of growing plants to touch the biochar particles added into the soil.To understand the interaction effects of biochar-root in forest trees,we examined the root morphology and soil microbial community on one-year old Pinus massoniana(PM)and Cunninghamia lanceolata(CL)seedlings with four biochar addition treatments(control:CK 0 t·hm?2,low biochar:LB 5 t·hm?2,medium biochar:MB 10 t·hm?2 and high biochar:HB 20 t·hm?2)The results showed that high biochar addition significantly increased the root biomass of PM(30.7%)but decreased the root biomass of CL(16.0%).High biochar addition significantly improved fine root length,root surface area,root volume and root tips at 1.0–2.0 mm for PM(P<0.05),while low biochar addition significantly improved root length,root surface area,root volume for the fine root with a diameter of 0–0.5 mm for CL(P<0.05).These results indicated that PM root was more sensitive to high dosage biochar,CL showed the opposite trend.Low biochar addition significantly increased soil microbial biomass(28.9%for PM and 51.8%for CL)(P<0.05),while high biochar addition decreased soil microbial biomass(4.5%for PM and 10.1%for CL).Biochar addition had a greater effect on bacteria than on fungi.Biochar addition had a significant effect on fine root volume and coast root tips,and high dosage of biochar significantly changed soil microbial communities.In conclusion,biochar addition in soil could increase soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities to promote plant growth by optimizing root morphology and extending rhizosphere zone,which may have a great significance for the growth of forest trees and sustainable development of forestry.