文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：近自然改造对杉木人工林凋落物量和养分归还的影响

英文题名：Effects of Close-to-Nature Management on Litter Production and Nutrient Return in Chinese Fir Plantations

作者：魏书蒙[1,2,3] 陈详腾[1,2,3] 焦如珍[1,2,3] 董玉红[1,2,3] 张雄清[1,2,3]

第一作者：魏书蒙

机构：[1]林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100091;[2]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091;[3]国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室,北京100091

年份：2025

卷号：38

期号：3

起止页码：1-11

中文期刊名：林业科学研究

外文期刊名：Forest Research

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：林业和草原科技成果国家级推广项目“高效多功能菌剂在杉木大田育苗中的推广应用”(2023133101);国家重点研发项目“杉木人工林近自然改造技术”(2021YFD2201304)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杉木人工林;近自然改造;凋落物量;凋落物养分归还

外文关键词：Chinese fir plantations;close-to-nature transformation;litter production;litter nutrient return

分类号：S154.3

摘要：[目的]杉木人工林长期的单一树种经营造成地力衰退和养分循环缓慢等问题,而近自然改造是改善杉木人工林林分稳定和土壤肥力的重要经营措施。本文通过探究近自然改造后杉木人工林凋落物量和养分归还的变化,揭示近自然改造对杉木人工林生态系统的影响。[方法]以31年生杉木人工林(CLP)、31年生杉木-11年生闽楠改造林(MPC)和31年生杉木-11年生刨花楠改造林(MMC)为研究对象,每月收集3种林型凋落物并测定其养分含量,为期1 a。[结果]杉木人工林近自然改造提高了凋落物产量,其中MPC和MMC的年凋落物量分别是CLP的1.24倍和1.69倍。凋落叶为3种林型的凋落物主要组分。凋落物峰值集中出现在11月—12月和次年4月,CLP和MPC的月凋落物量全年有2个峰值,MMC有3个峰值。凋落物养分归还量的月动态与凋落物量的月动态保持一致,凋落物的年养分归还量表现为C>Ca>N>其它养分。近自然改造后,MMC的7种(碳、氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锰)养分年归还量显著高于CLP,MPC的磷年归还量显著高于CLP,养分输入增加可有助于缓解杉木生长过程中面临的N、P养分的限制问题。[结论]杉木人工林近自然改造有助于提高凋落物量和养分归还量,进而改善杉木人工林生态系统的养分循环和土壤质量,减缓单一树种种植带来的土壤肥力下降等问题。
[Objective]Long-term monoculture management of Chinese fir plantation(Cunninghamia lanceolata)results in soil fertility decline and slow nutrient cycle.Close-to-nature management is an important management to improve the stand stability and soil fertility of Chinese fir plantation.This study aims to investigate the changes in litter production and nutrient return in Chinese fir plantations under close-to-nature management,to better understand its effects on the Chinese fir ecosystem[Method]Three types of stands were selected for the study:a 31-year-old C.lanceolata plantations(CLP),a mixed forest of 31-year-old C.lanceolate and 11-year-old Phoebe bournei(MPC),and a mixed forest of 31-year-old C.lanceolata and 11-year-old Machilus pauhoi(MMC).Litter of the three stands was collected monthly and its nutrient content was determined for one year.[Result]The results showed that close-tonature management increased the amount of litter.The annual litter production of MPC and MMC was 1.24 and 1.69 times higher than that of CLP,respectively.Leaf litter was the main component of litter in the three stands.Litter production peaked in November-December and in April of the following year,with CLP and MPC exhibiting two peaks throughout the year,while MMC had three peaks.The monthly dynamics of litter nutrient return was consistent with the monthly dynamics of litter production,and the annual nutrient return of litter was C>Ca>N>other nutrients.Close-to-nature management also increased litter nutrient return,with annual nutrient return of seven(carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,calcium,magnesium,and manganese)being significantly higher in MMC than CLP.Phosphorus return was notably higher in MPC than CLP,indicating close-to-nature management increased nutrient input in the plantation,which is helpful to alleviate the restriction of N and P nutrients in Chinese fir growth.[Conclusion]The close-tonature management of Chinese fir plantation is helpful to increase litter amount and nutrient return amount,thereby improving nutrient cycling and soil quality of Chinese fir plantation ecosystem,and alleviating soil fertility decline caused by mono-tree planting.