文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：檀香紫檀优树及其嫁接无性系间种子形态和萌发特征变异

英文题名：Variation in Seed Morphology and Germination Characteristics Be-tween Superior Trees of Pterocarpus santalinus and Its Grafted Clones

作者：林鸣亮[1,2] 陈仁利[2] 王春胜[2] 陈金辉[1] 曾杰[2] 林培群[3]

第一作者：林鸣亮

机构：[1]海南大学林学院,海南海口570228;[2]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所,广东广州510520;[3]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101

年份：2024

卷号：45

期号：5

起止页码：964-972

中文期刊名：热带作物学报

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2023_2024】；

基金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目“檀香紫檀采种园营建”(No.RITFKYYW201405)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：檀香紫檀;优树;嫁接无性系;种子形态;种子萌发

外文关键词：Pterocarpus santalinus;superior tree;grafted clone;seed morphology;seed germination

分类号：S722.3

摘要：檀香紫檀是世界上最为名贵的红木树种之一,其在我国的规模发展受制于种子生产。最近中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所利用优树材料在海南岛尖峰岭营建了檀香紫檀嫁接无性系采种园,目前已开花结实,其种子品质及其与优树间差异尚待研究。以海南岛尖峰岭中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所试验站引种园檀香紫檀6株优树及其在采种园内的嫁接无性系为对象,采集种子测定其形态性状,并采用双层滤纸法开展种子萌发试验。结果表明:(1)无论是优树还是其嫁接无性系,其种子形态性状的变异系数远小于芽苗生长性状,种子千粒重的变异系数最小,说明其芽苗生长变异较种子形态变异更丰富;(2)檀香紫檀优树间种子长度差异显著(P<0.05),以7号优树为最大,嫁接无性系间种子长度、宽度和厚度均差异显著,其长度和宽度以9^(#)号无性系为最大,厚度以7^(#)号无性系为最大;(3)优树间和无性系间种子发芽率、发芽势差异显著,优树中发芽率和发芽势分别以3号和9号为最高,无性系则均以5^(#)号为最高,优树间上胚轴、下胚轴和胚根长度以及芽苗总长度均差异显著,均以3号优树为最大,无性系间胚根长度和芽苗总长度差异显著,均以7^(#)号无性系为最大,说明优树间和无性系间种子萌发和芽苗生长均存在丰富变异;(4)优树与其对应无性系间种子形态、萌发和芽苗生长性状差异显著性因基因型而异,整体而言,无性系的种子长度和宽度大于其对应优树,其种子发芽和芽苗生长表现优于其对应优树;(5)相关性分析表明,种子千粒重与发芽率极显著(P<0.01),种子越饱满,发芽率越高。总而言之,檀香紫檀采种园的种子在形态和萌发上整体优于引种园的优树;而且种子千粒重在优树间、嫁接无性系间以及优树与其对应无性系间均差异不显著(P≥0.05),采种园种子较为饱满,其总体均值接近100 g,超过早期散生嫁接植株(92.9 g)。研究结果为檀香紫檀良种选育、种子园营建和壮苗培育提供科学依据。
Pterocarpus santalinus is one of the most famous rosewood(Hongmu)species in the world.Its large-scale development is restricted due to limited seed production in China.A grafted clone seed orchard was established recently using suprior tree materials by Experiment Station of Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of For-estry in Jianfengling,Hainan Island,and most trees in the orchard have flowered and fruited.The differences in seed quality among superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones need to be studied.Here the morphologi-cal traits were measured,and germination tests were conducted for the seeds of P.santalinus collected from six superior trees in the introduction garden and the grafted clones in the seed orchard at the experiment station.The coefficients of variance for the seed morphological traits were much lower than those for seedling growth traits among superior trees or the grafted clones,and the coefficients of variance was the lowest for the weight of 1000-grain seeds,indicating that the variations of seedling growth were more abundant than those of seed morphorlogy Seed length was significantly differ-ent at 0.05 level among the superior trees with No.7 performing the best,and seed length,width and thickness differed remarkably among the grafted clones,in which No.9^(#)performed the best in seed length and width,and No.7^(#)did the best in seed thickness.The germination rate and potential differed significantly among superior trees(No.3 and No.9 performed the best,respectively)or the clones(No.5^(#)did the best),and significant difference occurred in the length of epicotyl,hypocotyl,radicle and total seedling among the superior trees(No.3 did the best),and in the length of radicle and total seedling among the grafted clones(No.7^(#)did the best),demonstrating that abundant variation in seed germi-nation and seedling growth existed among superior trees and among the grafted clones.Significance of difference be-tween each superior tree and its clone varied with gene type,and clones performed as a whole,better than relevant su-perior trees in seed length and width,seed germination and seedling growth.It was indicated from relationship analysis that seed weight was significantly correlated with germination rate at 0.01 level,the germination rate of the plumper seeds was higher.In conclusion,seeds from the grafted clone seed orchard performed better in the seed morphorlogy and germination than those from the superior trees in the introduction garden,and significant difference was absent in seed weight among the superior trees or the grafted clones,and between each superior tree and its clone(P≥0.05),the seeds developed fully in the seed orchard with 1000-grain weight near 100 g,more than that for scattered individuals early grafted(92.9 g).The findings would provide scientific evidences for elite variety selection,seed orchard estab-lishment and robust seedling cultivation.