文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：‘华仲8号’杜仲种仁油脂积累及脂肪酸变化规律

英文题名：Change Regularity of Lipid Accumulation and Fatty Acids in the Kernels of Eucommia ulmoides‘Huazhong No.8’

作者：钟建[1,2,3] 刘辰露[4] 庆军[1,3] 王琦[4] 刘攀峰[1,3] 杜庆鑫[1,3] 杜红岩[1,3] 杜兰英[1,3] 王璐[1,3]

第一作者：钟建

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院经济林研究所,郑州450003;[2]南京林业大学,南京210037;[3]经济林种质创新与利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室,郑州450003;[4]中南林业科技大学,长沙410004

年份：2023

卷号：59

期号：6

起止页码：48-56

中文期刊名：林业科学

外文期刊名：Scientia Silvae Sinicae

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20233814754068);Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目“橡胶用和药用杜仲定向培育与高效利用关键技术研究”(2017YFD0600702)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：杜仲种仁;油脂;油体;脂肪酸;油料植物

外文关键词：Eucommia ulmoides kernels;oil;oil body;fatty acid;oil plant

分类号：S727.32

摘要：【目的】研究杜仲种仁生长发育规律以及油体动态变化与种仁含油率的相关性,探讨种仁中脂肪酸变化特征以及各脂肪酸间的相互作用关系,为油用杜仲果实的适时采收和高油高质新品种的选育提供理论参考。【方法】以不同发育时期‘华仲8号’杜仲种仁为研究对象,采用尼罗红染色技术与共聚焦激光扫描电镜技术相结合的方法观察种仁内油体;应用气相色谱-质谱技术对种仁油脂中脂肪酸组分和相对含量进行分析。【结果】1)杜仲种仁生长发育过程可划分为快速生长期(5月底—7月初)、缓慢生长期(7月初—8月底)和种仁成熟期(9月初以后);2)随着种仁发育油体数量逐渐增多,并不断向细胞中央扩散,种仁含油率与含油体率呈正相关关系,其增长速率均表现为“S”形变化趋势;3)种仁发育过程中共检测出9种脂肪酸,主要包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸和亚麻酸等;随着种仁发育,不饱和脂肪酸含量逐渐增加,并在9月初达到最大值(91.64%),其中亚麻酸含量高达63.25%;相关性分析表明,棕榈酸与硬脂酸和油酸呈极显著正相关关系,亚麻酸与棕榈酸和油酸呈极显著负相关关系。【结论】杜仲种仁生长发育过程呈先快后慢的变化趋势;种仁内含油体率与含油率呈显著正相关关系;种仁油脂中脂肪酸种类丰富,其中对人体有益的不饱和脂肪酸含量优势显著。
【Objective】The growth and development patterns of Eucommia ulmoides kernels,and the correlation between the dynamic changes of oil body and the oil content in the kernels were studied.The change patterns of fatty acids in kernels and the interaction between various fatty acids were clarified,so as to provide theoretical reference for timely harvesting E.ulmoides fruits and breeding new varieties with high oil and high quality.【Method】The kernels of E.ulmoides'Huazhong No.8'at different development stage were used as experimental material.Dynamic changes of oil bodies in kernels were observed by Nile red staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy,and the content and composition of fatty acids in E.ulmoides kernels were determined by GC-MS.【Result】1)The growth and development process of E.ulmoides kernels was able to be divided into three periods:rapid growth period(late May to early July),slow growth period(early July to late August)and mature period(after early September).The shape changes of kernels in rapid growth period were the most obvious,and the shape changes of kernels in other two periods were not obvious.2)With the development of kernels,the number of oil bodies gradually increased and continued to spread to the central cell.The oil content of kernels was positively correlated with oil body content and showed a'S'shape change trend.3)A total of 9 fatty acids were detected during kernels development,including palmitic acid,stearic acid,oleic acid,linoleic acid and linolenic acid.The content of unsaturated fatty acids showed a trend of gradual increase with kernels development,and reached the maximum value(91.64%)at the beginning of September,of which the content of linolenic acid was as high as 63.26%.Correlation analysis showed that palmitic acid was positively correlated with stearic acid and oleic acid,and linolenic acid was negatively correlated with palmitic acid and oleic acid.【Conclusion】The growth and development rate of E.ulmoides kernels shows a trend of first fast and then slow.There is significant positive correlation between oil body content and oil content in kernels.There are abundant types of fatty acids in kernel oil,among which the content of unsaturated fatty acids that are beneficial to human body has obvious advantages.