文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：樟子松人工林退化原因及研究展望

英文题名：Causes and research prospects of the decline of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation

作者：路伟伟[1,2] 吴波[1,2] 白建华[1] 宋晓东[3] 时忠杰[1] 党宏忠[1] 李瀚之[1] 尹明宇[1,2]

第一作者：路伟伟

通信作者：Wu, B[1];Wu, B[2]

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所,北京100091;[2]荒漠生态系统与全球变化国家林业和草原局重点实验室,北京100091;[3]辽宁省农业科学院,沈阳110161

年份：2023

卷号：68

期号：11

起止页码：1286-1297

中文期刊名：科学通报

外文期刊名：Chinese Science Bulletin

收录：CSTPCD;;EI(收录号：20231814046019);Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500806);国家自然科学基金(32001372);国家重点研发计划(2020YFF0305905-02);国家自然科学基金(42107253)资助。

语种：中文

中文关键词：樟子松人工林;水分亏缺;水力学失败;碳饥饿;病虫害

外文关键词：Pinus sylvestris plantation;water deficit;hydraulic failure;carbon starvation;diseases and insect pests

分类号：S791.253

摘要：气候变化对森林可持续性的影响是一个复杂过程,如何保持人工林长期稳定生长是全球性技术难题.20世纪50年代以来,我国北方地区营造了大面积樟子松人工林,对防风固沙、保持水土发挥了重要作用,成为我国北方防沙带绿色生态屏障的重要组成部分.目前“三北”防护林工程区樟子松人工林退化较为严重,虽然已开展了大量研究,但对于樟子松人工林退化机制的认识仍然不是非常清楚.本文梳理了导致樟子松人工林退化的主要因素,提出樟子松人工林树木退化过程的概念模型,认为水力学失败和碳饥饿是导致樟子松人工林退化的两种主要生理机制;水力学失败和碳饥饿降低了樟子松抵抗病虫害的能力,而病虫害又进一步促进了水力学失败和碳饥饿的发展,直至樟子松发生严重退化甚至死亡.今后的研究应该重点关注樟子松退化的生理过程及其与病虫害的相互作用,应加强以下几个方面的研究:(1)樟子松人工林退化的多因素协同作用机制;(2)林分或景观尺度樟子松人工林退化机制;(3)樟子松人工林对环境胁迫的响应及调控机制;(4)樟子松适生范围及生态适宜性评价.
Planted forests account for 70%of the world’s forest area.Over the past 30 years,the area of planted forests has been increasing worldwide and as a natural climate solution for carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation.The impact of climate change on forest sustainability is complex and the question of how to maintain the long-term stable growth of plantations is a global technical problem.Since the 1950s,a large area of Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica plantation has been built for wind prevention and sand fixation,and soil and water conservation in northern China,which has become an important part of the green ecological barrier in North China.At present,part of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program has declined,especially P.sylvestris plantation.Although a lot of research has been carried out on the decline of P.sylvestris plantation on sandy land,at present,the understanding of the decline mechanism is still unclear.Most of the previous studies focused on the water factor,and considered that the water deficit in the introduction site was the main factor leading to the decline of P.sylvestris plantation,focusing on the soil water change,water balance and water use strategy.However,the physiological mechanism of the decline and even death of P.sylvestris caused by water deficit is still unclear,and there is a lack of research on the response and regulation mechanism of the non-structural carbon to water deficit,especially the interaction between diseases and pests,hydraulic failure and carbon starvation during the decline process of P.sylvestris.In this paper,the main factors leading to the decline of P.sylvestris plantation are summarized and a conceptual model of the decline process is proposed.Hydraulic failure and carbon starvation are the two main physiological mechanisms leading to the decline of P.sylvestris plantation.Hydraulic failure and carbon starvation reduced the ability of P.sylvestris to resist pests and diseases,while pests further promoted the development of hydraulic failure and carbon starvation until P.sylvestris seriously declined or even died.Future research should focus on the physiological process of P.sylvestris decline and its interaction with pests and diseases.The following aspects should be strengthened:(1)The synergistic mechanism of multiple factors on declined P.sylvestris plantations,such as the interaction between diseases and insect pests and hydraulic failure and carbon starvation,the impact of the interaction between diseases and insect pests and drought on the hydraulic characteristics and NSC,the impact of NSC on the synthesis of metabolites resistant to diseases and insect pests;(2)the decline mechanism of P.sylvestris plantation on stand or landscape scale based on the study of individual scale and the ecological response mechanism to environmental factors at stand or landscape scale;(3)the P.sylvestris plantation response to environmental stress and its regulation mechanism,such as how to balance the hydraulic efficiency and safety,and the strategic model of xylem water transport and NSC regulation in response to drought and other emergencies;(4)the suitable range of ecological suitability evaluation of P.sylvestris plantation based on long-term positioning observation data analysis.