文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：母树年龄、留叶方式和基质对千年桐扦插生根的影响

英文题名：Effects of Mother Tree Age,Leaf Retention and Substrate on Cutting Rooting of Vernicia montana

作者：周幼成[1] 钟秋平[1] 邹玉玲[1] 田丰[1] 葛晓宁[1] 曹林青[1] 王金凤[1]

第一作者：周幼成

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业实验中心,江西分宜336600

年份：2020

卷号：42

期号：5

起止页码：1002-1012

中文期刊名：江西农业大学学报

外文期刊名：Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YED0601304)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：千年桐;扦插;母树年龄;留叶方式;基质;内源激素;营养物质

外文关键词：Vernicia montana;cuttage;the age of mother tree;leaf retention;substrate;endogenesis hormone;nutrient substance

分类号：S794.3

摘要：【目的】研究母树年龄、留叶方式和基质对千年桐扦插生根的影响,筛选最优生根处理组合,为千年桐良种快繁提供理论基础。【方法】(1)采用3因素3水平L9(34)正交试验设计,探究母树年龄、留叶方式和基质对扦插生根的影响;(2)对不同留叶方式的插穗生根过程进行拍照和显微观察,并测定其顶芽、侧芽及叶片内源激素和营养物质含量。【结果】正交试验组合P1选择1年生插穗保留顶芽和1片叶扦插于河沙和泥炭同体积比的混合基质中,生根率和根系效果指数达到最高值,分别为45.31%和2.72,其根系综合生长情况最优。母树年龄和留叶方式对生根有显著影响(P<0.05),母树年龄越低其生根效果愈佳,1年生插穗的生根率为41.43%,根系效果指数为2.19,显著高于3年生和5年生的插穗;保留顶芽和1片叶(L1)的生根效果显著优于仅保留顶芽(L2)和仅保留侧芽(L3)的插穗,L1的生根率为42.10%,根系干质量为0.148 g,根系效果指数为2.20,均显著高于L2和L3,扦插基质对根系生长影响不显著。L1处理愈伤组织产生速率、根原始细胞经诱导分裂分化形成不定根的速率显著快于L2和L3;L1和L2的生长素(IAA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量前期快速下降,生根之后其含量缓慢增加,脱落酸(ABA)前期含量快速上升,中后期缓慢下降,L1、L2和L3的赤霉素(GA3)含量总体呈上升趋势。【结论】母树年龄越小,千年桐扦插生根效果愈佳,保留顶芽和一定数量的叶片可以显著促进插穗生根,这与顶芽和叶片产生的内源激素和营养物质等密切相关。
[Objective]The root growth and physiology of Vernicia montana cuttings were observed under the conditions of different mother tree ages,leaf retention methods and substrates,and the optimal root treatment combinations were screened,which provided theoretical basis for its rapid propagation.[Method](1)The orthogonal experiment design of L9(34)with three factors and three levels was used to explore the influence of mother tree age,leaf retention methods and substrate on rooting.(2)Treated with different leaf retention methods,the rooting process of the cuttings was observed by photograph and microscope,and the contents of endogenous hormones and nutrients in apical buds,lateral buds and leaves were measured.[Result]Orthogonal test combination P1 selected one-year-old cuttings retaining top buds and one leaf,which were planted in a mixed medium of the same volume ratio of river sand and peat.Their rooting rate and root effect index reached the highest values 45.31%and 2.72 respectively.Their root growth was optimal in all treatments.The results showed that the age of the mother tree and the way of leaf retention had a significant effect on rooting(P<0.05).The lower the mother tree age,the better the rooting effect was.The rooting rate of 1-year-old cuttings was 41.43%and their root effect index was 2.19,which were significantly higher than those of 3-year-old and 5-year-old cuttings.The rooting effect of the cuttings retaining apical bud and 1 leaf(L1)was better than that of those retaining only apical bud(L2)or lateral bud(L3).The rooting rate of L1 was 42.10%,its root dry weight was 0.148 g,and its root effect index was 2.20,which were significantly higher than those of L2 and L3.Cutting substrate had no significant effect on root growth.The callus formation and differentiation of root primordial cells of the cuttings in L1 were significantly faster than those in L2 and L3.The contents of IAA and ZR decreased rapidly in the early stage and increased slowly after rooting and the ABA content increased rapidly in the early stage and decreased slowly in the middle and late stages in L1,L2.The GA3 content of L1,L2,and L3 showed an overall upward trend.[Conclusion]The younger the mother tree is,the better the rooting effect is.It can significantly promote the rooting of cuttings to retain the top bud and a certain number of leaves,which is closely related to the endogenous hormones and nutrients produced by the top bud and leaves.