文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：黄河中上游春季迁徙期水鸟群落及大天鹅活动特征

英文题名：The spring waterbird community and home range of the whooper swan Cygnus cygnus at the upper and middle reaches of Yellow River in Inner Mongolia,China

作者：李淑红[1] 孟维悦[1] 陈丽霞[1] 李云锋[2] 高如意[2] 茹文东[2] 孙孟和[3] 戴强[4] 张国钢[1] 陆军[1]

第一作者：李淑红

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所全国鸟类环志中心国家林业局森林保护学重点实验室;[2]河南三门峡市天鹅湖国家城市湿地公园管理处;[3]内蒙古巴彦淖尔市林业局;[4]中国科学院成都生物研究所

年份：2017

卷号：36

期号：7

起止页码：1910-1916

中文期刊名：生态学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Ecology

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2017_2018】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1201601);国家林业局野生动物疫病监测与预警系统维护项目资助

语种：中文

中文关键词：水鸟;大天鹅;黄河;活动区;迁徙

外文关键词：waterbird; whooper swan; Yellow River; home range; migration.

分类号：Q959.7

摘要：2015年3月和2016年4月,分别对黄河中上游迁徙期的水鸟资源与大天鹅(Cygnus cygnus)的栖息地进行了调查,旨在掌握黄河中上游春季迁徙期水鸟的资源现状以及大天鹅的活动特征。根据黄河湿地植被和水系分布状况,沿着黄河自西部磴口县至东部土默特右旗进行调查。采用核密度分析法(KDE)计算了大天鹅日间和夜间活动区面积,以及增强型植被指数(EVI)分析了活动区内的栖息地特征。共记录到37种25671只水鸟,其中雁鸭类占水鸟总数的89.6%,特别是大天鹅和小天鹅(C.columbianus)数量较多。内蒙古段黄河是大天鹅春季迁徙重要停歇地之一,大天鹅在此停留时间长((27.23±8.96)d,n=56),日间栖息地和夜宿地基本相似。90%以内区域的EVI值均较低,50%活动区域明显低于50%~90%区域。黄河及农田蓄水而成的河漫滩为大天鹅提供了充足的食物,栖息地隐蔽性较强,适宜大天鹅等水鸟在此长期栖息。
To establish baseline information about the spring migration of waterbirds, we conducted surveys on the current status and habitats of whooper swans （Cygnus cygnus） and other waterbirds along the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River in Inner Mongolia, ranging from Dengkou County to Tumed Right Banner based on distributions of vegetation types and the river stream in March 2015 and April 2016. Day and night home ranges for tracking whooper swans were determined using kernel density estimation （KDE） at levels of 90% and 50%. Enhanced vegetation index （EVI） of these two levels were calculated and compared. A total of 25671 waterbirds were recorded, belonging to 37 species, of which swans and ducks accounted for 89.6%. The whooper and tundra swan （C. columbianus） were predominant. According to GPStracking data, the upper and middle reaches of Yellow River were important stopover sites for spring migratory whooper swans, where the most swans stayed for long periods （（24.74±9.38） d）. Their diurnal and night movements were roughly similar. The EVI at the upper and middle reaches of Yellow River were very low. Compared with that of the 90% level of KDE, the home range size of the 50% level and corresponding EVI were much lower from Dengkou County to Tumed Right Banner. During our field surveys, we discovered that these stopover sites were located on farmland around the Yellow River, providing abundant food and better shelter habitats for whooper swans and other waterbirds.