文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：文冠果不同直径枝条去除顶芽对侧芽雌花形成的影响规律

英文题名：Effect of Top Bud Removal from Branches with Different Diameters on Female Flower Formation of Side Bud in Yellowhorn

作者：王晨雪[1] 班卓[1] 许慧慧[1] 张凌峰[1] 李迎超[1] 刘肖娟[1] 毕泉鑫[1] 于海燕[1]

第一作者：王晨雪

机构：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,林木遗传育种全国重点实验室,北京海淀100091

年份：2025

卷号：40

期号：3

起止页码：29-35

中文期刊名：西北林学院学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Northwest Forestry University

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划子课题(2023YFD2200302)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：文冠果;去除顶芽;枝条直径;侧芽雌花;整形修剪

外文关键词：Xanthoceras sorbifolium;remove top bud;branch diameter;female flowers with side buds;shaping and pruning

分类号：S794.9

摘要：文冠果作为我国北方主要的木本油料树种,其种子油富含神经酸,具有重要的经济价值。然而由于文冠果植株的雌花数量远少于雄花数量,导致其产量较低,阻碍了产业发展。前期修剪发现去除顶芽能够改变枝条雌花数量,因此本研究通过对不同直径的文冠果枝条进行去除顶芽处理,调查统计侧芽形成的雌花数量变化与雌花分布情况,以探究去除顶芽对侧芽雌花形成的影响规律。结果表明,部分枝条去除顶芽后可以有效提高文冠果的雌花序数和雌花数,并且修剪效果与枝条直径的大小紧密相关。枝条直径越大,产生的雌花数量越多。3.0~5.0 mm的枝条在去顶后标准雌花数减少,不建议修剪;5.0~7.0 mm的枝条去顶后标准雌花序数和标准雌花数都显著增多,适合进行修剪;7.0~9.0 mm枝条去顶后雌花指标虽有一定程度增加,但提升效果并不显著,可以保留不做处理。去除顶芽能够改变雌花在侧花序上的分布情况,使雌花不再集中于单个花序,而是以递减规律出现在更多侧花序上,这有利于后续坐果,可为文冠果高产栽培的整形修剪技术提供了理论依据和实践指导。
As an important woody oil tree species in North China,yellowhorn has important economic value for its rich nervonic acid in oil.However,its yield is low,and the core factor is that the number of female flowers is far less than that of male flowers,which hinders the industrial development.Previous studies on pruning found that removal of top buds could alter the number of female flowers in a branch.Therefore,this study investigated the number and distribution of female flowers formed by side buds by removing the top buds from yellowhorn branches with different diameters,and explored the influence of removing the top buds on the formation of female flowers with side buds.The results showed that partly removing the top buds of branches could effectively improve the female inflorescence numbers and female flower numbers of yellowhorn,and the pruning effect was closely related to the branches diameter.The larger the diameter of the branch,the more female flowers it produces.The number of standard female flowers of 3.0-5.0 mm branches was reduced after removing the top bud,and it was not recommended to prune;The standard female inflorescence number and standard female flower number of 5.0-7.0 mm branches were significantly increased after topping,which was suitable for pruning;Although the female flower index of 7.0-9.0 mm branches increased to a certain extent after topping,the improvement effect was not significant,so it can be retained without treatment.Removing the top bud can change the distribution of female flowers on the side inflorescences,so that female flowers are no longer concentrated in a single inflorescence,but appear on more side inflorescences in a decreasing manner,which is conducive to subsequent fruit setting.This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the shaping and pruning technology of yellowhorn high-yield cultivation.