文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：植物叶色形成调控机制研究进展

英文题名：Advance of the Regulation Mechanism of Leaf Color Formation in Plants

作者：张磊[1] 曹德美[1] 胡建军[1]

第一作者：张磊

机构：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室/国家林业和草原局林木培育重点实验室/中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

年份：2021

卷号：22

期号：2

起止页码：293-303

中文期刊名：植物遗传资源学报

外文期刊名：Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071797,31570669);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2017ZY008);转基因生物新品种培育重大专项课题(2018ZX08020002)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：叶色形成;叶绿素;类胡萝卜素;花青素;转录调控

外文关键词：leaf color formation;chlorophyll;carotenoid;anthocyanin;transcriptional regulation

分类号：S687

摘要：彩叶植物具有色彩鲜艳、观赏期长等特点,有助于提高城市绿化的观赏性。叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和花青素等天然色素的含量变化使叶片产生绿色、黄色、白色和紫红色等颜色,3种色素在光反应、响应生物和非生物胁迫中发挥重要作用。本文对影响叶绿素、类胡萝卜素和花青素生物合成途径遗传调控和外部环境因子综述,为解释叶片呈色机制提供理论基础。现有研究表明,光(光周期、光照强度及光质)、温度、干旱和盐等环境因子及激素变化均会刺激HY5、PIFs、DELLA等转录因子和结构基因转录,同时甲基化、乙酰化等染色质修饰和miRNAs、lncRNAs等转录后表观遗传修饰也会直接或间接调控3种色素生物合成途径基因的表达。虽然目前3种色素生物合成途径已较清晰,但有关彩叶林木3种色素代谢与环境信号、体内激素的具体调控模式仍有待进一步研究。未来可构建彩叶植物杂交群体和种质资源库,并利用基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组和表型组等多组学技术为创制彩叶新种质提供可能。
Plants with colored foliage provide bright colors and have long viewing periods,which is helpful to improve the ornamental value of urban landscaping.Natural pigments(chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin)are involved in light-dependent reactions and in response to biotic and abiotic stress,and the changes of their contents and proportions make the leaves show green,yellow,white and purplish-red colors.In this paper,the genetic regulation and external environment factors affecting the biosynthetic pathways of chlorophyll,carotenoids and anthocyanins are reviewed to provide a theoretical basis for explaining the color mechanism of forest tree leaves.The existing studies have shown that environmental factors such as light(photoperiod,light intensity and quality),temperature,drought and salt,and hormone variation stimulate the transcription of transcription factors and the structural genes such as HY5,PIFs and DELLA.Meanwhile,methylated and acetylated chromatin and epigenetic modification after transcription of miRNAs and lncRNAs directly or indirectly regulate the expression of biosynthesis pathway genes of the three pigments.Although the biosynthesis pathways of the three pigments are relatively clear at present,the specific regulatory patterns of the metabolism of the three pigments in colored-leaved forest trees and the environmental signals and hormones still need to be further clarified.In the future,we can construct hybrid populations and Germplasm Resource Bank of colored-leaved plants and make use of genomic,transcriptomic,proteomic,metabonomic,phenomic technologies to create new germplasm of colored leaves.