文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：乌兰布和沙漠植物多样性及绿洲-荒漠区植被地上生物量研究

英文题名：Plant diversity and aboveground biomass of oasis-desert vegetation in Ulan Buhe Desert

作者：辛智鸣[1,2] 邵琪雯[1] 王湘[1] 李新乐[2] 马媛[2] 李星[2] 罗凤敏[2] 肖辉杰[1] 董树斌[1] 程瑾[1]

第一作者：辛智鸣

机构：[1]北京林业大学林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心,林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室,北京100083;[2]中国林业科学研究院沙漠林业实验中心,内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站,磴口015200

年份：2024

卷号：44

期号：18

起止页码：8234-8246

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;国家哲学社会科学学术期刊数据库;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；CSCD:【CSCD2023_2024】；

基金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFF1304204);国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作专项中国和美国政府间合作项目(2019YFE0116500);科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY202300)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：乌兰布和沙漠;植物群落类型;物种多样性;生物量;土壤养分

外文关键词：Ulan Buhe Desert;type of plant community;diversity of species;biomass;soil nutrients

分类号：Q948;X171

摘要：通过对乌兰布和沙漠30个样地152个样方进行调查,利用MAPGIS软件绘制了乌兰布和沙漠首个主要植物群落类型分布图,利用经典的物种多样性指数对乌兰布和沙漠区植物群落的物种多样性及群落结构进行分析,对绿洲区和荒漠区植被地上生物量、土壤养分进行了显著差异性分析。结果表明:研究区共记录94种植物,隶属于21科58属,物种数量最多的3个科依次为菊科、禾本科和苋科。乌兰布和沙漠天然植被主要由16个群系35个群丛组成,以旱生、超旱生或盐生的小灌木和多年生草本植物占主导地位。分布面积最大的前三植物群系分别是:梭梭群系(1728.24 km^(2)),白刺群系(1278.27 km^(2))和沙冬青群系(746.79 km^(2))。群落优势层为灌木层,以小灌木和半灌木为主,白刺为样地出现频次最多的物种。整体上乌兰布和沙漠植物多样性水平较低,Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数分别为2.1086和0.8158。目前人工绿洲对乌兰布和沙漠植物群落物种组成的影响不明显,但绿洲区植被地上生物量显著高于荒漠区。绿洲区和荒漠区在6个土层深度8个土壤养分指标上几乎没有显著性差异。相关调查和研究结果能够为乌兰布和沙漠地区的风沙治理、生态环境恢复和维护提供参考。
Based on the vegetation investigation of 30 plots and 152 quadrats,the distribution map of plant community types in Ulan Buhe Desert was firstly drawn by MAPGIS,and the species diversity and community structure of plant communities were evaluated by using the classical species diversity index.Moreover,the significant differences of biomass and soil nutrients between oasis and desert areas were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 94 species belonging to 58 genera and 21 families were recorded in the study area.Compositae,Gramineae and Amaranthaceae were the three most abundant species families.The natural vegetation in Ulan Buhe Desert was mainly composed of 16 groups and 35 groups,which were dominated by xerophytic,ultra-xerophytic or halophytic small shrubs and perennial herbs.The top three plant groups with the largest distribution area were:Form.Haloxylon ammodendron(1728.24 km^(2)),Form.Nitraria tangutorum(1278.27 km^(2)),and Form.Ammopiptanthus mongolicus(746.79 km^(2)).The dominant layer of the community was shrub layer,which was dominated by small shrubs and semi-shrubs,and Nitraria tangutorum was the most frequent species in the sample plots.On the whole,the plants diversity level of the Ulan Buhe Desert was low,with Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index being 2.1086 and 0.8158,respectively.The effects of artificial oases on plant community composition in Ulan Buhe Desert were not obvious now,but the aboveground biomass in oasis area was significantly higher than that in desert area.There were almost no significant differences in the 8 soil nutrient indexes of the 6 soil layers between oasis area and desert area.The relevant investigation and research results can provide reference for the control of wind and sand,the restoration and maintenance of ecological environment in Ulan Buhe Desert area.