文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：极小种群野生植物梓叶槭的种实表型变异特征

英文题名：Phenotypic fruit and seed variations of Acer catalpifolium,a Wild Plant with Extremely Small Populations in China

作者：冯秋红[1,2] 李登峰[1,4] 于涛[3] 李俊清[3] 马文宝[1,2] 张雷[5]

第一作者：冯秋红

机构：[1]四川省林业科学研究院,四川卧龙森林生态系统定位站,成都610081;[2]森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川重点实验室,成都610081;[3]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083;[4]四川农业大学,成都611130;[5]国家林业和草原局森林培育重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院林业研究所,北京100091

年份：2020

卷号：28

期号：3

起止页码：314-322

中文期刊名：生物多样性

外文期刊名：Biodiversity Science

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD2019_2020】；

基金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0503100)“极小种群野生植物回归技术研究与示范”课题(2016YFC0503106)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：梓叶槭;种子;翅果;表型性状;气象因子;极小种群

外文关键词：Acer catalpifolium;seed and fruit;phenotypic traits;meteorological factors;extremely small populations

分类号：S792.35

摘要：表型变异是植物遗传变异与环境异质性相互作用的结果,是植物适应和进化的具体表现。为揭示极小种群植物梓叶槭(Acer catalpifolium)的种实表型在其适应环境过程中的变异特征,明确梓叶槭优质种源地,为该物种的保护提供基础数据,本研究以天然分布的5个小种群的11个种实性状为研究对象,采用巢式方差、变异系数、表型分化系数等多种指标,探讨了其种群间和种群内的表型变异。结果表明:梓叶槭种实表型性状在种群间和种群内均存在着显著的差异,种群内的变异(63.11%)大于种群间的变异(23.61%),种群间平均分化系数为27.23%,分化程度在槭树科植物中相对较大。种子厚度的平均变异系数最高(40.64%),其次是果柄长。翅果千粒重的平均变异系数最小(1.57%),是最稳定的种实性状。都江堰种群的表型多样性最丰富,平武种群的则最低;气象因子对梓叶槭种实表型性状的影响不显著。就种实表型性状而言,虽然雷波种群的翅果最大,平武种群的种子最大,同时两者均具有最大的种子厚度和质量均一度。故平武和雷波种群均可作为梓叶槭优质种质资源的候选地。
Phenotypic variation can indicate the adaptation of plant species to different environmental conditions due to long-term evolution.Acer catalpifolium is a relatively primitive species in Aceraceae family,and is a rare and endangered species in China.To understand the range of phenotypic variation of A.catalpifolium’s fruits and seeds,11 traits for 47 individuals from five natural small populations of A.catalpifolium were measured and parameterized using coefficients of variance,variation,and correlation.The results showed significant differences in phenotypic variation among and within populations.Overall variation was greater within population(63.11%)than among populations(23.61%)while the mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient was 27.23%among populations,larger than other species in Aceraceae.The average variation coefficient of seed thickness(ST)was the highest(40.64%),followed by fruit stalk length(FSL);thousand-fruit weight(TFW)was the smallest and the most stable phenotypic trait(1.57%).The Dujiangyan population has the highest phenotypic diversity and Pingwu population the lowest.Meteorological factors were not associated to fruit and seed size variations of A.catalpifolium.The fruits of the Leibo population were largest while the seeds of Pingwu population were the biggest.These two populations also have the thickest seeds.Fruit/seed size is considered as an indicator of quality,because bigger fruit/seed could provide more nutrients for next generations,therefore,the Leibo and Pingwu populations should be the priority when collecting germplasms of A.catalpifolium.