文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：酶法辅助湿法工艺优化及对油茶籽油品质影响

英文题名：Optimization of Enzymatic-Assisted Wet Process and Its Influence on the Quality of Camellia oleifera Seed Oil

作者：刘江[1,2] 方学智[2] 杜孟浩[2] 龙奇志[1] 张向杰[3] 陈塨[3] 钟海雁[1] 罗凡[2]

第一作者：刘江

机构：[1]中南林业科技大学食品科学与工程学院,长沙410004;[2]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,杭州311400;[3]贵州久晟油茶科技有限公司,黔东南556000

年份：2025

卷号：40

期号：8

起止页码：98-105

中文期刊名：中国粮油学报

外文期刊名：Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2100400);贵州省科技成果转化项目(黔科合成果[2023]一般041)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：油茶籽;酶法;湿法提油;生物活性成分

外文关键词：oil-tea camellia seed;enzymatic method;wet extraction;bioactive components

分类号：TS224.3;TQ644.1

摘要：为了提高湿法提油效率,更好地保留油茶籽油中的生物活性成分,本研究将湿法提油与酶法提油结合,比较了17种酶参与湿法提油的过程并优化工艺参数,以得到的油茶籽油与油茶粕作为研究对象,研究提油方法对油脂基本组成和营养成分的影响。结果表明,所选用的17种酶均可以提高湿法的提油效果,酶处理油茶粕残油率较空白组降低了7.19%~43.12%,复合酶处理的提油效果比单一酶更好,YL果胶酶、纤维素酶与蛋白酶复合比单酶处理效果最佳的酶残油率降低了27.05%;不同酶处理的湿法提油之间或者酶处理与未被酶处理实验组的生物活性成分有显著差异,其中YL果胶酶处理的湿法提油的多酚含量相对于空白组提高了16.46%;酶法辅助湿法提油最佳处理条件为YL果胶酶、纤维素酶与蛋白酶质量比为1∶1∶1,温度55℃、酶的质量分数为3%、反应50min,该条件下油茶粕残油率为(9.98±0.04)%,较未被酶处理的湿法提油的油茶粕残油率降低了58.50%,油中的多酚、角鲨烯、总甾醇与生育酚含量分别达到(111.42±4.86)、(92.75±0.33)、(3182.00±31.50)、(315.77±1.56)mg/kg,有效保留了油茶籽油中的营养成分。通过成本测算,酶处理成本6000元/t,该方法加工油茶籽较湿法提油可以多出油126.47kg/t,酶法辅助湿法提油比湿法提油可多盈利6647元/t。
In order to improve the efficiency of wet oil extraction and better retain the bioactive components of Camellia oleifera seed oil,this study combined wet oil extraction with enzymatic method.Seventeen enzymes were compared for their involvement in the wet oil extraction process,and the process parameters were optimized.Camellia oleifera seed oil and cake meal were used as the research objects to investigate the effects of oil extraction methods on the basic composition and nutritional composition of the oil.The results showed that all the 17 selected enzymes couldimprove the oil extraction efficiency,and the residual oil rate of the seed meal after enzyme treatment was reduced by 7.19%~43.12%compared with the blank group.The oil extraction effect of the compound enzyme treatment was better than that of the single enzyme.The residual oil rate of the three-enzyme combination of pectinase,cellulase and protease was 27.05%lower than that of the best-performing single enzyme treatment.There were significant differences in the bioactive components between the wet oil extraction groups treated with different enzymes or between the wet oil extraction groups treated with and without enzyme treatment.The polyphenol content of the wet oil extraction group treated with YL pectinase was increased by 16.46%compared with the blank group.The optimal treatment conditions for enzyme-assisted wet oil extraction were determined as follows:YL pectinase,cellulase,and protease at a mass ratio of 1∶1∶1,temperature of 55℃,enzyme mass fraction of 3%,reaction for 50 min.Under these conditions,the residual oil rate of Camellia oleifera seed cake was(9.98±0.04)%,which was 58.50%lower than that of wet extraction without enzyme treatment.The contents of polyphenols,squalene,total sterols and tocopherols in the oil were(111.42±4.86),(92.75±0.33),(3182.0±31.50),(315.77±1.56)mg/kg,respectively,which effectively retained the nutritional components in Camellia oleifera oil.According to the cost calculation,the enzyme treatment cost was 6000 yuan/t.The method could produce 126.47 kg more oil per ton of Camellia oleifera seeds compared the wet oil extraction method,and the enzyme-assisted wet oil extraction could generate an additional profit of 6647 yuan/t compared with the wet oil extraction method.